Vaginoplasty: Male to Female Sex Reassignment Surgery
Bahasa Malaysia (in progress) Bahasa Malaysia (in progress) 馬來文 （在建） |  |
This page sketches the historical development and surgical details of vaginoplasty surgery (also often called 'sex reassignment surgery' (SRS) or 'gender reassignment surgery' (GRS )). Before reading this page, please read the introduction to the concepts of gender identity, transgenderism and transexualism elsewhere in this website, so that you'll understand why transsexual women undergo these operations. This page clarifies that post-operative MtF transsexual women really do have female genitalia, and will also help readers visualize some of the ordeals trans women endure to achieve their new physical gender status.
這頁的草圖的歷史發展和陰道手術的手術細節（通常也被稱為“變性手術”（SRS），或“性別變性手術”（GRS）） 。 在閱讀此頁之前，請閱讀本網站的性別認同，跨性別和transexualism的概念引入，這樣你就會明白為什麼變性的婦女進行這些操作。這頁的澄清，手術後的MTF變性婦女確實有女性生殖器，也將有助於讀者直觀一些反婦女忍受實現其新的物理性別地位的考驗 。
|
Contents 目錄
- 真正絕望的年輕變性女孩“提交希吉拉”後自己的情況並不少見，即使在西方現代世界。充分emasculating自己，然後根據醫療系統的“修修補補”，他們可以實現“低成本SRS，在生命的早期”。 一個女孩在美國有這樣做自己，然後自己女性化的雌激素迅速成為非常差強人意，漂亮女孩（不幸的是，陰莖和陰囊皮膚造成的損失由SRS後陰道建設要困難得多）。在美國的年輕的TS女孩，即使較大的數字紛紛使出自我閹割，以避免男性化，特別是在上世紀 50年代和60年代初，當有做“完好的男性”在美國的醫院 SRS嚴重限制（見下文）。
- 悠久的歷史傳統的“希吉拉式”手術的延伸，從遠古時代到今天為止，在印度和孟加拉國等國家繼續前進。 希吉拉型emasculations術後效果的詳細知識，現代變性手術的發展提供了一個重要的經驗背景。
現代變性手術的發展（SRS）
Thanks to Pascale from France for finding these photos of Dr. Burou. 感謝來自法國的帕斯卡爾博士Burou尋找這些照片。
[They are from a July 1970 "National Police Gazette" article (a U.S. men's magazine).] 他們是從七月1970年“國家警察公報”的文章（美國男性雜誌） 。
- Dr. Burou became both famous and notorious as news spread of his work. His "Clinique du Parc" at 13 Rue La Pebie in Casablanca, Morocco eventually became besieged by transssexual patients from all over the world. Dr. Burou began performing many hundreds of these operations every year. In 1973, Dr. Burou gave his first formal public presentation on his innovative surgical technique at a major interdiciplinary conference on transsexualism held at the Stanford University Medical School. By the time of that 1973 conference, he had performed over 3000 MtF surgical sex reassignments. By that time many other surgeons around the world had inferred and adapted Dr. Burou's technique, and were applying it in similar SRS surgeries.
- Burou博士成為著名和他的工作作為新聞傳播而臭名昭著。 他的“倩碧du Parc酒店”13街的La Pebie在卡薩布蘭卡，摩洛哥最終成為由來自世界各地的transssexual患者的圍困。 Burou博士開始執行這些操作很多，每年數以百計的。博士Burou 1973年，他的第一次正式的公開演示，在主要interdiciplinary易性癖在斯坦福大學醫學院舉行的會議介紹了他的創新手術技術。通過，1973年會議的時候，他已經超過 3000 MTF手術性的調動。 到那個時候，世界各地的許多其他醫生推斷和適應 Burou博士的技術，並應用在類似的SRS手術。
-
-
Transsexual pioneers Coccinelle (l), Bambi and April Ashley (r) 變性先驅COCCINELLE （L）， 小鹿斑比和4月阿什利 （R） -
were among the very first of Dr. Burou's SRS patients (in 1958-1960) 都是非常博士Burou SRS患者（在1958-1960年）
-
- Among the keys to the success of these surgeries were (i) the use of the skin of the penis and scrotum to form the new labia and a sexually functional vagina (thus avoiding the source area disfigurement caused in earlier operations by the use of large, deep skin grafts), and (ii) the careful dissection and placement of the terminated corpora cavernosa and the saving and relocation of some of the sensitive nerves and a small amount of erectile tissue. If done properly, the post-operative patient can have powerful feelings of sexual arousal (erection of the corpora stumps remaining inside her body) and can easily be orgasmic (the prostate is left intact, and can spasm during orgasm just as before SRS - while the nerve tissues throughout the corpora, the clitoris and the vulva spasm, throb and release at the same time, just as in any other woman).
- 這些手術的成功的關鍵（一）陰莖和陰囊的皮膚使用，形成新的陰唇和性功能的陰道（從而避免造成大的使用在前面的操作源區毀容，深層皮膚移植），及（ii）仔細解剖和終止海綿體和一些的敏感神經和勃起組織的少量儲蓄和搬遷安置。如果處理得當，手術後的病人可以有性喚起（勃起語料庫她的身體內剩下的樹樁）強大的感情，並可以很容易高潮（前列腺保持不變，並可以在性高潮的痙攣，就像之前的SRS - 而整個語料庫，陰蒂和外陰痙攣，悸動和釋放的同時，就像在任何其他的女人）的神經組織。
- Dr. Benjamin's practice grew rapidly as more and more transsexuals learned that they could obtain compassionate treatment from him. He began referring ever larger numbers of patients to surgeons, especially to Dr. Burou in Casablanca. By the mid 60's, several other top surgeons abroad began performing SRS surgeries on transsexuals using Dr. Burou's techniques, and Dr. Benjamin referred patients to these surgeons too. The most notable of these was Jose Jesus Barbosa, M.D., a prominent plastic surgeon in Mexico (Dr. Barbosa was Lynn's SRS surgeon, and had performed over 300 SRS's by 1973).
- 本傑明博士的做法迅速增長，隨著越來越多的的變性人了解到，他們可以得到他富有同情心的治療。他開始指患者外科醫生的數量越來越大，特別是在卡薩布蘭卡 Burou博士。到60年代中期，國外的其他幾個頂級外科醫生開始執行 SRS的使用Burou博士的技術變性手術，本傑明博士提到這些外科醫生的病人。其中最值得注意的是墨西哥（巴博薩博士是琳的SRS外科醫生，和執行 1973年已超過 300 SRS的）一個突出的整形外科醫生，醫學博士，聖何塞耶穌巴博薩。
- However, such surgeries were still virtually unheard in the U.S. even in the mid-to-late 60's. Under intense pressure from religious groups following the publicity of the Jorgensen case in 1952, most U. S. hospitals installed policies that explicitly forbade such operations, and religious strictures were frequently drawn upon to support the witholding of any hormonal or surgical treatments of transsexuals. Then too, the U.S. medical community in the 60's thought of transsexuals as "severely psychotic" rather than biologically mis-gendered. Instead of receiving help for gender-transition from medical professionals, many transsexuals were forced into mental institutions, where psychiatrists tried to "cure them of their mental illness" by electroshock therapy and aversion therapy.
- 然而，這類手術在美國仍然幾乎是聞所未聞，甚至在60年代中期到晚期。 約根森情況下於 1952年的宣傳宗教團體的激烈的壓力下，美國大多數醫院安裝的政策，明確禁止此類行動，並經常借鑒宗教狹窄支持witholding變性任何激素或手術治療。然後太，美國在60年代思想的“嚴重精神病”，而不是生物MIS性別的變性醫療社會。 而不是接受性別過渡醫療專業人員的幫助，許多變性人被迫進入精神病院，精神科醫生試圖“治療其精神病”電擊療法和厭惡療法。
- During the late 50's and into the early 60's, a number of intensely transsexual girls in the U.S. resorted to castrating themselves in order to become more feminine and to bypass hospital restrictions on removal of testicles from "intact males" during SRS. Once no longer intact, the girl might hope to obtain complete SRS in some hospitals here - if she had the money to pay for it. See for example, the story of transsexual pioneer Aleshia Brevard. At a young age and feminized on estrogen, Aleshia became a star performer at Finocchio's, the world famous "female impersonator" nightclub in San Francisco. After a self-castration to further feminize herself, Aleshia was able to undergo SRS in the U.S. in 1962 with the help of Dr. Benjamin. As did so many postop transsexual women in the 1960's (including Lynn) Aleshia left her past life behind and entered stealth mode. She went on to become a showgirl, a "Playboy Bunny" (a hostess at one of the famous "Playboy" clubs), a widely recognized actress in movies, on stage and on TV, and got married three times! Aleshia only recently came out to tell her story in a wonderful book about her amazing life.
- 在50年代末到60年代初，在美國強烈的變性女孩使出閹割自己，才能成為更加女性化，繞過醫院的限制，拆除“期間的SRS”完整的男性睾丸。一旦不再完好，女孩可能在這裡一些醫院希望獲得完整的SRS - 如果她的錢支付。例如，見Aleshia布里瓦德的變性先驅的故事。在一個年輕的年齡和女性化的雌激素，Aleshia成為一個 Finocchio的明星演員，世界著名的“女性冒領”在舊金山的一家夜總會。經過進一步的女性化自己一個自我閹割，Aleshia本傑明博士的幫助下於 1962年接受美國 SRS。由於沒有這麼多術後變性婦女在1960年的（包括琳）Aleshia離開了她過去的生活背後，進入隱形模式。她成為一個歌女，“花花公子”兔子“（ 女主人在舞台上和電視上著名的“花花公子”俱樂部之一），在電影中被廣泛認可的女演員，結婚三次！ Aleshia僅在最近才出來，告訴她驚人的生活在一個奇妙的書她的故事。
-
Aleshia (pre-op) as the star "Lee Shaw" -
at Finocchio's in 1961
-
-
Aleshia Brevard, -
shortly after her SRS in 1962
-
-
Aleshia as an actress in stealth mode, -
in the early 1980's
-
-
-
Early Sex Reassignment Surgeries in the U. S.
- Finally, in 1966, surgeons at the John Hopkins Medical Center began performing a limited number of MtF SRS operations in effort to help some intensely transsexual patients under care of Hopkins' new gender identity clinic. The Hopkin's staff believed that transsexuals were mentally ill, but they also believed that there was no psychological method for reversing the "incorrectly formed gender identity". In an experimental program they began to explore the possibility of helping patients via surgery, as was being recommended by Dr. Benjamin. The Hopkins' Surgeons used a variant of Dr. Burou's method.
- 最後，在1966年，在約翰霍普金斯大學醫學中心的外科醫生開始執行 MTF SRS的行動，努力幫助霍普金斯大學的新的性別認同診所的護理下一些強烈的變性患者的數量有限。霍普金的工作人員認為，變性人是精神病患者，但他們還認為，沒有扭轉“格式不正確的性別認同”的心理方法。在實驗方案中，他們開始探索幫助患者通過手術的可能性，作為被本傑明博士建議。 霍普金斯大學的外科醫生使用Burou博士的方法的一個變種。
- In the fall of 1966, newspapers around the country propagated the following item from a column in the New York Daily News: 在1966年秋季，全國各地的報紙從一列在紐約每日新聞傳播下列項目：
"Making the rounds of Manhattan clubs these nights is a stunning girl who admits she was a male less than one year ago and that she underwent a sex change operation at, of all places, Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore. Surprisingly, the hospital confirms the case, saying surgery followed psychotherapy. Such operations, although rare in this country, are neither illegal nor unethical, according to a Johns Hopkins spokesman. Officials at a number of major hospitals here agreed with Johns Hopkins on the legality and ethics of the operations but none could recall such an operation ever having been performed in New York."
“這些夜查房曼哈頓俱樂部是一個驚人的女孩承認，她是一名男性和不到一年前，她接受了在所有地方，在巴爾的摩的約翰霍普金斯醫院的變性手術。令人驚訝的是，醫院確認的情況下，說手術遵循心理治療，這樣的操作，雖然在這個國家所罕見，既不違法，也不是不道德的，根據約翰霍普金斯大學的發言人，在這裡各大醫院的官員同意與約翰霍普金斯大學 ，但行動的合法性和道德沒有人能記得這樣一個曾在紐約進行的操作。
Then, on November 21, 1966, the New York Times published an extensive front-page article on transsexualism. The Times article provided extensive information on the surgical and hormonal treatments then being done abroad, and on the new program at John's Hopkins University Medical Center, where several surgeries had recently been done. The article also identified Dr. Benjamin as being the world's leading authority on transsexualism, and as author of a new textbook on the subject entitled The Transsexual Phenomenon (see this link for an online version of the original text).
然後，在1966年11月21日， “紐約時報”發表了廣泛易性癖的頭版文章。 “泰晤士報”的文章提供廣泛的信息，對手術和激素治療，然後被國外做和在約翰霍普金斯大學醫學中心的幾個手術，其中最近已完成的新方案。文章還指出作為世界領先的權威對易性癖的本傑明博士，作為一個新的主題題為教科書作者的變性現象（見這種原始文本的在線版本的鏈接）。
-
Harry Benjamin, M.D. 哈利本傑明
-
-
The great medical pioneer and compassionate physician 偉大的醫學先驅和富有同情心的醫生 -
[photo taken by Lynn Conway in 1973] [琳康威在1973年照片]
- Dr. Benjamin was the pioneer of the whole new area of medical knowledge of transsexualism. His paradigm-shifting medical text described his experiences with many patients over several decades. He was the first researcher to recognize how gender identity and sexual orientation are two independent dimensions of each person's human nature. Dr. Benjamin recommend how "intense transsexuals" could and really should be treated, in order to enable them to live in the gender they sought. His book documented the results of the new, innovative surgical and hormonal treatments and put those treatments into a rational context as therapy for transsexualism. This book gave fresh hope to many transsexuals, and opened the door for the modern medical approaches that we now take for granted. At the same time, the fact that Johns Hopkins was actually doing transsexual surgeries greatly enhanced the visibility of Dr. Benjamin's theories and the attention that his research results received from the medical community.
- 本傑明博士是整個易性癖的醫學知識的新領域的先驅。許多病人，他的範式轉移醫書介紹了幾十年的經驗。 他是第一位研究人員認識到性別認同和性取向是兩個獨立的維度，每個人的人性。 本傑明博士建議如何“激烈變性”可以真正應該處理，以使他們能夠生活在他們所尋求的性別。他在書中記錄了新的，創新的手術和激素治療的結果，並放入一個合理的範圍內為治療易性癖的治療。這本書給了新的希望，許多變性人，和現代醫學的方法，我們現在習以為常的門打開。 事實上，約翰霍普金斯大學做變性手術的同時，本傑明博士的理論和他的研究成果，從醫學界的重視收到的知名度大大提高。
-
Diagrams of the early John's Hopkins MtF SRS Procedure
早期的約翰霍普金斯大學的MTF SRS程序
- Following are illustrations that sketch the basic steps in the early Hopkins surgical method, which is a variation on Georges Burou's method. These figures are taken from Chapter 22, by Howard W. Jones, Jr., M.D. in Transsexualism and Sex Reassignment, Richard Green, M.D. and John Money, Ph.D., Editors; Johns-Hopkins Press, 1969. By this time it was common to refer to this type of surgery as "sex reassignment surgery" (SRS). The illustrations were reproduced from an original article by Howard W. Jones, Jr., Horst K. A. Schirmer, and John E. Hoopes, " A Sex Conversion Operation for Males with Transsexualism", American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 100 (1968): 101-9. (Note: See comments following the diagrams regarding the anatomically misleading/incorrect sketching in the final sketch, Figure 10.)
- 以下是插圖，素描霍普金斯在早期的手術方法，這是一個變化喬治 Burou的方法的基本步驟。 這些數字是從第22章，霍華德W ·瓊斯，小，MD 易性癖和變性 ，理查德格林博士和約翰錢，博士，編輯，約翰霍普金斯大學出版社，1969。 到了這個時候，是很普遍稱為“變性手術”（SRS），這種類型的手術。 插圖轉載自霍華德W ·瓊斯，小，霍斯特嘉淚液分泌，和約翰E ·胡普斯的原始文章，“一個與易性癖男性的性別轉換操作”，美國中華婦產科和婦科100（1968） ：101 -9。 （注：參見下面的圖，就在最後的草圖，圖 10解剖學誤導性/不正確的素描的意見。）
-
Figure 1. A sketch of the perineum showing the line of primary incision. 圖1。 一個小學切口行會陰草圖。
-
-
-
Figure 2. The right spermatic cord is clamped and ligated. 圖2。 夾緊，結紮右精索。 -
-
-
Figure 3. The primary incision is continued up the ventral side of the shaft of the penis. 圖3。主切口繼續腹側陰莖軸。
-
-
-
Figure 4. The anterior flap is developed from the skin of the penis. 圖4。 撥開前皮瓣陰莖皮膚。 -
-
-
Figure 5. The urethra is dissected from the shaft of the penis. 圖5。 尿道從陰莖軸解剖。
-
-
Figure 6. The corpora cavernosa are separated to assure a minimal stump. -
圖6。 海綿體被分開，以保證最小的殘端。
-
-
Figure 7. The perineal dissection. -
圖7。 會陰部解剖。 -
-
Figure 8. The perineal dissection has been completed and the anterior flap perforated to position the urethral meatus.
-
-
-
-
Figure 9. The skin flaps are sutured and placed in position in the vaginal cavity. -
圖9。皮瓣縫合，放置在陰道腔的位置 。
-
-
-
Figure 10. The preservation of the vaginal cavity is assured by use of a suitable vaginal form. -
圖10。陰道腔的保存是保證使用一個合適的陰道形式 。
-
- Note 1: Figure 10 is quite misleading and does not correspond to the anatomy the should result from this procedure. In figure 10, the vaginal opening is way too far forward from the anal opening, and the vaginal entry is shown going first in horizontally and then turning upwards after passing a large web of skin in front of the anus. (Compare this sketch with the later photos of the details of modern SRS results, especially the one showing the entry of a vaginal stent into a postop's vagina). This very poorly conceived sketch has likely been the source of many botched surgeries in the early days, as surgeons copying the Hopkins procedure may have thought that a thick web of skin was needed in order to prevent tears into the rectum. Such webs of skin often prevented easy dilations and intercourse for patients after SRS, leading to vaginal stenosis (loss of depth and/or width).
- 注1：圖10是相當誤導和不對應的解剖應該從這個過程結果 。 在圖10中，陰道口太朝前從肛門和陰道項顯示水平，然後把合格後，在肛門前的皮膚的大型Web向上之首。（ 比較與現代SRS的結果，尤其是陰道支架術後的陰道的細節稍後照片素描） 。這非常糟糕的構思草圖有可能在創業初期的許多拙劣的手術來源，複製霍普金斯大學的過程作為外科醫生，可曾想到，厚厚的皮膚網絡是必要的，為了防止進入直腸的淚水。 這樣的食物網的皮膚往往使容易擴張術和性交後的SRS患者，導致陰道口狹窄（深度和/或寬度虧損）。
- Note 2: Over the years, the techniques for doing SRS have been steadily refined. It has also became common for post-op MtF's to have additional genital surgery called "labiaplasty" that construct further details of the external female genitalia. For more information on modern SRS surgeries, see the links and the "Photo Details of Modern SRS Results" below.
- 注2：多年來，一直在穩步做的SRS技術精製而成。它也成為常見的有額外的生殖器手術稱為“labiaplasty”構建女性外生殖器的進一步細節的後運MTF。 對於現代的SRS手術的詳細信息，請參閱“ 鏈接和照片細節現代SRS的結果“下面。
-
-
-
SRS Becomes an Accepted Treatment for Transsexualism in the U.S. 在美國 SRS成為為變性人公認的治療
- The early Johns Hopkins announcement and publications coincided with the publication of The Transsexual Phenomenon, by Harry Benjamin, M.D. in late 1966. The result of many years of research observations and clinical practice by Dr. Benjamin became the seminal text on transsexualism. The book finally identified transsexualism as a distinct, major medical affliction in which patients have an innate gender identity opposite to the genital sex of their bodies. These theories and results obtained considerable attention within the U.S. medical community over the next several years - but most of it was highly skeptical.
- 早期的約翰霍普金斯大學的公告和出版物出版變性現象正好與哈里本傑明，醫學博士，在1966年底。多年研究的意見和博士本傑明臨床實踐的結果成為易性癖開創性的文本。這本書終於確定了一個獨特的，重大的醫療痛苦，使病人有一種與生俱來的性別認同自己的身體生殖器性別相反的易性癖。這些理論和取得的成果在美國醫學界相當的重視，在未來幾年 - 但大部分是高度懷疑。
- Then, following interactions with Dr. Benjamin and some of his patients, physicians at the Stanford Medical Center started a exploratory gender clinic in 1969, led by Norman Fisk, M.D. and Donald Laub, M.D. SRS operations were undertaken on selected MtF patients, and the Stanford clinical and surgical results further validated the concept of SRS as treatment for those suffering from intense transsexualism. Acceptance of SRS as a serious and valid treatment for transsexualism began to slowly spread among thought leaders in the U.S. medical community. Hospitals around the country began gradually lifting their bans on transsexual surgeries, and surgeons at various locations began performing these surgeries on small numbers of selected patients in the U.S.
- 然後，下面的本傑明博士和他的一些患者的相互作用，在斯坦福大學醫學中心的醫生在1969年開始探索性別診所，由Norman菲斯克，MD和唐納德 Laub領導，MD SRS的操作進行了選定 MTF患者，和斯坦福大學的臨床和手術結果進一步驗證了激烈易性癖患者的治療 SRS的概念。 作為一個嚴重的易性癖和有效的治療 SRS的驗收，開始慢慢擴散在美國醫學界的思想領袖之間。 全國各地的醫院開始逐步解除對變性手術的禁令，在不同地點的外科醫生開始在美國執行這些對入選患者的小手術
- In 1969 Stanley Biber, M.D. (1924-2006*), a surgeon in Trinidad, Colorado, began performing MtF SRS vaginoplasty operations using information he obtained from the surgical team at Johns Hopkins. The excellent successes of his surgeries became widely known, and patients streamed to him. For a detailed report from one of Dr. Biber's surgeries, see this 1984 Operative Report.
- 士丹利Biber（ 1924至2006年 *） ，醫學博士，外科醫生在科羅拉多州的特立尼達， 1969年開始執行MTF SRS陰道操作使用他在約翰霍普金斯大學的外科團隊獲得的信息。 他手術的出色成就聲名遠播，與病人分流到他。對於一個詳細的報告，從Biber醫生的手術之一，看到這個1984年執行的報告。
- For many years Dr. Biber performed over 150 MtF SRS's per year, and by the year 2000 had performed over 4500 of them. A USA Today article told Dr. Biber's story, as follows:
- 多年來 Biber博士進行了每年150 MTF SRS的，和2000年執行了其中超過 4500。 今日美國“的文章告訴Biber博士的故事，具體如下：
Sex-Change nickname makes Colo. town cringe: 'Nobody cares' Transformation via surgery has become common in community 變性暱稱使得 科羅拉多州小鎮畏縮：“沒人在乎” 變性手術的轉型在社區裡已經相當常見 By Pauline Arrillaga The Associated Press TRINIDAD, Colo. - The young waitress examined her customers as she refilled their coffee and haltingly asked whether anyone wanted more tea. 科羅拉多州特立尼達 - 年輕女服務員檢查她的客戶，為她斟滿自己的咖啡，吞吞吐吐地問是否有人想多喝茶。 There was Elise, a buxom brunette in a crop top and hip-huggers. Kate, a Harvard graduate writer in khakis, hand-knit sweater and pearl earrings. Thea, a graphics designer sporting chic suede boots. And Jackie, a towering figure in trousers and blazer. 埃莉斯，豐滿布魯內特在作物的頂部和髖環保人士。 凱特，一個哈佛大學畢業卡其布的作家，手工編織的毛衣和珍珠耳環。 西婭，圖形設計師，體育別緻的麂皮靴。和賈姬，在褲子和夾克的傑出人物。 In the lunchtime crowd of merchants, housewives and farmers at the Main Street Bakery and Cafe, the four stuck out like fashion models on a pig farm. 在午餐的商人，家庭主婦和農民在大街麵包和咖啡廳，四個堅持，就像一個養豬場的時裝模特人群。 Retreating to the kitchen, the waitress pulled her boss aside and stammered, "Those women I'm waiting on? They're men!" 女服務員撤退到廚房，拉她的老闆放在一邊結結巴巴地說，“這些婦女，我等待？他們是男人！” Hardly anyone else gave the foursome a second glance. Not in the so-called "Sex-Change Capital of the World." 幾乎沒有其他人給的四人，第二個一目了然。 在所謂的“變性世界的資本。” Repeat that phrase to, almost any of the town's 9,500 people and one would likely get a lecture on what the southern Colorado hamlet should be known for - its idyllic scenery, comfortable climate and friendly people. 重複這句話，幾乎和一個鎮的9500人的任何可能會得到一個什麼南部科羅拉多州的小村莊，應已知的演講 - 田園風光，舒適的氣候和友好的人民。 Most don't mind that more sex-change operations have been done in their town than anywhere else (about 4,500 to date); they just hate that nickname. 大多不介意，更性變化的操作已經完成比其他任何地方，在他們的鎮（約 4500年至今），他們只是討厭這個暱稱。 "Nobody cares," says Monica Violante, owner of the Main Street Bakery. "It's just a part of Trinidad." “沒人在乎，說：”莫妮卡維奧蘭特，主街麵包店的老闆。“這只是特立尼達的一部分。” Town in transition 古鎮轉型 Although no formal statistics are kept on the number of sex reassignment surgeries, experts in the field agree that Trinidad's Stanley Biber - because of the year he began and his age - has performed more than anyone. 雖然沒有正式統計變性手術的數量保持在該領域的專家都同意，特立尼達島的赤柱Biber - 因為今年他開始和他的年齡 - 比任何人都多。 The International Foundation for Gender Education lists 14 surgeons in the USA and Canada that do the procedure, and, as spokeswoman Sara Herwig points out, "Biber's been doing it longer than most." 性別教育國際基金會列出了14個外科醫生，在美國和加拿大做的程序，發言人薩拉 Herwig指出，“Biber的一直在做它的時間比大多數。”
 What makes Trinidad unique is not that it's the sex-change capital of the world, but the fact that this former mining town has come to accept its destiny, depend on it and even embrace it. 是什麼使得特立尼達和多巴哥的獨特之處在於，它的世界的資本性變化，但是這名前採礦小鎮已經到了接受自己的命運，依賴於它，甚至擁抱它。 In 1969, Trinidad was a town in transition. Coal had been king in these parts since the turn of the century, but after World War II, the mines began closing. By the late '60s, only a few remained. 在1969年，特立尼達和多巴哥是一個處於轉型期的鎮。煤炭已在這些地區的國王，因為在世紀之交，但二戰結束後，礦山開始關閉。 到60年代末，只有少數幾個仍然存在。 Families left, and Main Street, once a bustling collection of. department stores, car dealerships and restaurants, became a lifeless shell of shuttered storefronts. 家庭離開，和主街，曾經是繁華的收集。 百貨商場，汽車經銷商和餐館，成為一個關閉的店面死氣沉沉殼。 Yet Biber was thriving from his fourth-floor office inside the First National Bank building. 然而，Biber是一枝獨秀，從他的第四層的辦公室內的第一國民銀行大廈。 As Trinidad's-s only general surgeon, Biber did it all - from delivering babies and removing appendixes to reconstructing the cleft palates of poor children. Trinidad's唯一的普通外科醫生，Biber沒有這一切 - 提供嬰兒和刪除附錄重建的貧困兒童兔唇。 Biber moved here in 1954 after serving as a MASH surgeon in Korea and finishing a stint at Camp Carson in Colorado Springs. Biber在1954年搬到這裡後，作為 MASH外科醫生在韓國和整理營在科羅拉多州的斯普林斯卡森的進站。 In those first 15 years, Biber built a comfortable life around a practice he loved and a town he adored. In 1969, he encountered the patient who would forever change both. Biber在那些最初15年，各地的做法，他愛和他崇拜的一個鎮建立了一個舒適的生活。 1969年，他遇到的病人，將永遠改變兩個。 A social Worker Biber had met asked him to perform her surgery. "Well, of course," he told her. "What do you want done?" Biber會見了一名社會工作者問他執行她的手術。“嗯，當然，”他告訴她。“你要什麼做什麼？” "I'm a transsexual," she replied. And Biber asked, "What is that?" “我是一個變性人，”她答道。 Biber問，“那是什麼？” After consulting a New York physician who had done sex reassignment operations and obtaining hand-drawn sketches from Johns Hopkins University, Biber agreed to do the surgery. "She was very happy," he recalls. "And then it started spreading all over." Biber諮詢紐約醫生曾做過變性業務，並獲得由美國約翰霍普金斯大學手工繪製的草圖後，同意做了手術。 “她非常高興，”他回憶說。 “然後，它開始蔓延各地。” With less than a handful of doctors performing the procedure, Trinidad became THE place to come for a sex-change operation, and Biber was THE man to do it. 隨著小於少數醫生在執行過程中，特立尼達和多巴哥成為地方來了變性手術，並 Biber是男人做。 The town's sole hospital, Mt. San Rafael, was run by Catholic nuns, and Biber hid the charts of his first transsexual patients. But he knew he'd eventually need the approval of the hospital board and his neighbors. Biber explained his Work to the sisters and local ministers. 鎮的唯一的醫院，聖拉斐爾山，是由天主教修女運行，並 Biber躲在他的第一個變性患者的圖表。 但他知道，他最終還是需要醫院董事局的批准和他的鄰居。解釋他的工作給姐妹們和當地部長。 I went through the psychology of it all. They decided as long as we were doing a service and it was a good service, that there was no reason we couldn't continue doing them," he says. 我經歷了這一切的心理。他們決定，只要我們做服務，這是一個很好的服務，沒有理由我們不能繼續做他們，“他說。 Soon, Biber was lecturing to the hospital staff and the public. 不久，Biber講課到醫院工作人員和公眾。 "We figured that's his way of making a living; more power to him," says Linda Martinez, 54, a lifelong patient of Biber's. “我們想通了，他的方式生活;更多的權力給他，說：”琳達 54歲的馬丁內斯，Biber的終身患者。 Lucrative operations 利潤豐厚的業務 Not all agree. The Rev. Verlyn Hanson, pastor of the First Baptist Church for the past three years says the town turned a blind eye to Biber's work because of the economic boost it provided. "The love of money is the root of all evil, and people will overlook a lot of evil to have a stronger economy," he says . 並非所有的同意。 Verlyn漢森牧師，過去三年的第一浸信會教堂的牧師說，鎮視而不見 Biber的工作，因為它提供的經濟刺激。 “愛錢是一切罪惡的根源，人們會忽略了很多邪惡的，有較強的經濟，”他說。 At one point, Biber's operations brought about $1 million a year to the hospital, according to his estimates. The basic procedure costs about $11,000, with the hospital taking in a little more than half. 在一個點上，Biber的業務帶來每年約 100萬美元，到醫院，據他估計。約 $ 11,000的基本過程的成本與醫院在一個小一半以上。 在他的職業的高度，Biber執行每年約 150變性手術。 他的病人帶來了家庭和親人“為期八天的住院期間留在城裡的朋友。 Whether or not people liked what Biber did, they liked the squat, balding doctor who wore jeans and flannel shirts to work and always said hello. 不管有沒有人喜歡 Biber沒有什麼，他們喜歡下蹲，禿頂的醫生誰穿牛仔褲和法蘭絨襯衫的工作，總是說你好。 At 77, Biber has scaled back his transsexual business to about 100 surgeries a year. The majority of his practice remains tending to the ills of Trinidad's citizens. He knows retirement may not be far off, and he's in search of a surgeon who will continue his work. "it started here, and I want the hospital to continue with it," he says. 在他77歲時，Biber縮減他的變性業務一年約 100手術。多數他的做法仍然趨向於特立尼達的公民的弊病。.他知道退休可能不會太遠，他在尋找一名外科醫生，他們將繼續他的工作。 “開始在這裡，我希望醫院繼續，”他說。 [end of AP article on Dr. Biber] [AP博士Biber文章結束] |
- Biber博士是20世紀的開拓外科醫生之一。 超過1969年的35年期間開始，他執行了超過5000個變性手術，幾乎是單槍匹馬地建立一個承認和接受治療的 SRS在美國許多心愛的跨社會易性癖，博士Biber逝世1日（星期一） ， 16日，2006年82歲。
-
The Current Protocol for Referring Transsexuals for Vaginoplasty (SRS) 目前“議定書”中關於變性陰 道成形術（SRS）
- Vaginoplasty (sex reassignment surgery) is a dramatic and irrevocable final step in male to female gender transition. This step is usually taken only after the deepest introspection and counselling regarding all the options. For those needing complete gender correction, this surgery is a life saving and life enhancing miracle, and can enable them to live a full and joyous life afterwards. However, carrying out of a mistaken urge for such a complete transformation could lead to permanent and terrifying emotional and psychological consequences. The background for this process is discussed in the introduction to the concepts of gender identity, transgenderism and transexualism found elsewhere in Lynn's website.
- 陰道成形術（變性手術）是一個戲劇性的和不可逆轉的男性對女性的性別轉換的最後一步。 通常採取的這一步後，才最深切的反省和有關的所有選項的輔導。對於那些需要完成性別矯正，這種手術是挽救生命和提高生活的奇蹟，而且可以使他們的生活後一個完整的和快樂的生活。然而，這樣一個完整的改造進行了一個錯誤的衝動，可能導致永久性的和可怕的情感和心理後果。這個過程中的背景是討論中的性別認同，跨性別和transexualism的概念引進其他地方找到在琳的網站。
- The Standards of Care of the Harry Benjamin International Gender Dysphoria Association (HBIGDA) defines the currently accepted protocols for the medical treatment of transsexual women. These Standards cover all aspects of medical treatment, including the requirements for Real Life Experience (aka, Real Life Test), and other requirements that must be met before a trans woman is recommended for SRS. Most surgeons who perform vaginoplasty will only operate on transsexual women who have been treated under these Standards and who present the corresponding letters of recommendation for surgery from their case-counsellors.
- 護理標準 ，哈利本傑明國際性別焦慮症協會（HBIGDA）定義為變性女性的就醫目前接受的協議。這些標準涵蓋了所有醫療方面，包括真實的生活體驗（又名，真實的生活測試），和其他跨女子是SRS的建議之前，必須滿足的要求的要求。 大多數的外科醫生進行陰道只會變性婦女經治療後已根據這些標準，目前手術從他們的情況下，輔導員的建議作出了相應的字母。
- For more information on the overall TS treatment and transition procedures, see Andrea James' TS Roadmap website, which contains outstanding planning information for anyone contemplating MtF gender transition. For more details on Vaginoplasty, see Andrea's Vaginoplasty page and follow the many links there.
- 對於整體TS治療和過渡程序的更多信息，請參閱安德烈雅各福群會TS路線圖的網站，其中包含任何考慮MTF性別過渡的規劃信息。有關陰道成形術的更多細節， 看到安德烈的陰道成形術和後續的諸多環節。
-
Some Photos of Modern Vaginoplasty (SRS) Results 現代陰道成形術（SRS）的結果，一些照片
- During the 80's and especially during the 90's, there were steady advances in vaginoplasty (SRS) techniques. When performed by the most experienced surgeons, the SRS results are much more predictable than in earlier years, both in appearance and function, and there are far fewer incidents of complications. (Note: We now often use the alternative term Vaginoplasty to refer to SRS. This term better communicates that the surgical goal is the construction of functional female genitalia - i.e., a vagina). The vaginoplasty surgery is often followed several months later by labiaplasty surgery to refine the external female genitalia (labia).
- 80年代，特別是在90年代期間，有陰道成形術（SRS）技術的穩步前進。由最有經驗的外科醫生的演出時，SRS的結果是，無論是在外觀和功能，遠遠超過前幾年可預見的和有並發症少得多的事件。 （注：我們現在經常使用的替代長期陰道成形術是指到SRS這一術語更好地通信，手術的目標是建設功能的女性生殖器 - 也就是說，陰道）。陰道手術往往是幾個月後 labiaplasty手術完善女性外生殖器（陰唇）。
- Following are photographs of the details of the female genitalia created by modern vaginoplasty and labiaplasty. These photos clarify the remarkably advanced state of modern MtF sex reassignment surgery. In these cases, the surgeries were performed in 1999-2000 by Eugene Schrang, M.D., of Neenah, WI. The patients are in the same orientation as in Figure 10 above (i.e., in stirrups with legs spread and labia separated). The middle photo shows the inner and outer labia spread apart and is labelled to identify the clitoris (c), the urethral opening (u) and the vaginal opening (v). The (z's) note locations of faint z-plasty scar-lines where incisions were made during labiaplasty to construct the clitoral hood. Note the normal anatomical proximity of the vaginal and anal openings. (See the web-links at the end of this page for more photos of SRS and labiaplasty results):
- 以下是現代陰道和 labiaplasty創造了女性生殖器的細節照片。 這些照片澄清現代 MTF變性手術非常先進的國家。在這種情況下，手術在1999-2000年由 Eugene Schrang，醫學博士，尼納，WI 。 患者在圖 10相同的方向（即，雙腿分開陰唇箍筋）。中間的照片顯示了內，外陰唇分開，並貼上標籤，找出陰蒂（C），尿道口（U）和陰道開口（V）。淡淡的Z -成形術切口均在labiaplasty興建陰蒂的瘢痕線（Z）注意位置。 注意陰道和肛門開口的正常解剖接近。（SRS和labiaplasty結果的更多照片，請參閱此頁的網頁鏈接）：
-
-
-
Results of modern SRS surgeries performed by
-
Eugene Schrang, M.D., of Neenah, WI
-
現代SRS的執行手術的結果 -
Eugene Schrang, MD, of Neenah, WI 尤金Schrang，MD，尼納，威斯康星
-
-
- Here is a photo of the appearance of the external genitalia of a TS patient one year after SRS (vaginoplasty only) was performed on her in Montreal, Canada at the Clinic of Yvon Menard, M.D. and Pierre Brassard, M.D. ( en espa�ol ). In this case the patient is shown with her legs close together and we are looking upwards from the direction of her knees. Therefore the outer labia are pressed together, and the inner details of her genitalia are not visible. This photo is fairly typical of the normal-looking external appearance of TS women's genitalia after basic SRS. Note that electrolysis can be applied to the genital area so as to remove unwanted hair from the labial areas, if needed to produce a natural final appearance.
- 這裡是一個TS患者的外生殖器的外觀照片，一年後，SRS（陰道）在加拿大蒙特利爾，她在診所Yvon的梅納德，MD和皮埃爾 臂章，MD （西班牙語版）。在這種情況下，病人與她的雙腿併攏，我們期待從她的膝蓋方向向上。因此，外陰唇壓在一起，和她的生殖器的內部細節是不可見的。 這張照片是相當典型的TS婦女的生殖器外觀正常的前瞻性後基本SRS。請注意，電解，可以應用到生殖器區域，以去除唇地區多餘的毛髮，如果需要的話，產生一種自然的最終外觀。
-
-
-
Postoperative Care Following Vaginoplasty (SRS) 術後護理以下陰道成形術（SRS）
- During the immediate postop period, the woman will be under the good care of her surgeon and hospital recovery environment. During this time, she will learn whether her surgery was fully successful, or whether some complications have occurred and have to be dealt with. Later, after leaving the hospital, she will have to take a lot of responsibility for long-term ongoing aftercare, and the long-term outcome of the surgery will depend on how consistently she performs that aftercare.
- 在即時術後期間，女人會照顧好她的外科醫生和醫院恢復環境下。在此期間，她將學習她的手術是否完全成功，或者是否已經發生了一些並發症和處理。後來，離開醫院後，她將不得不採取了很多長期持續的善後責任，和手術的長期結果將取決於她如何堅持執行，善後。
- A high percentage of modern SRS surgeries done by the top surgeons are fully successful, aesthetically and functionally, without any major complications. However, when done by less experienced surgeons various complications can and do occur, and even the top surgeons will very occasionally encounter difficulties. Complications can include minor infections, bleeding, a sloughing-off and loss of some of the grafted skin. Most of these minor complications can easily be managed and will be under control before the woman leaves the hospital.
- 頂級外科醫生做一個現代的SRS手術的高比例是完全成功，美觀和功能，沒有任何重大的並發症。 然而，當經驗較少的外科醫生做各種並發症和不發生，就算是頂級外科醫生偶爾會遇到困難。 並發症包括輕微感染，出血，一個塌和一些嫁接的皮膚損失。這些輕微的並發症大多可以很容易地管理和控制之下的女人離開醫院前。
- However, there is some risk of more serious complications. Anyone contemplating SRS should understand these risks, and should be sure to go to only the very TOP surgeons here or abroad who have track records of very low frequencies of serious complications. The more serious complications include major infection or bleeding, and damage to the bladder, prostate or major nerves during the dissection to form the vagina. These complications can be difficult to control and correct, may require major extension of the hospital stay, and can lead to permanent uncorrectable damage.
- 但是，有一些較嚴重的並發症的風險。任何人考慮的SRS，應該了解這些風險，並應確保到只有極頂的外科醫生在國內還是國外，有嚴重並發症的頻率非常低的跟踪記錄。 更嚴重的並發症，包括主要感染或出血，膀胱癌，前列腺癌或在夾層形成陰道主要神經受損。這些並發症可能很難控制和正確的，可能需要住院的主要擴展，並可能導致永久性的不可糾正損害。
- One of the most feared complications of all is the formation of a vaginal-rectal fistula. This can occur during the dissection of the vaginal cavity by accidentally cutting through the rectal wall, or it can occur due to vaginal-rectal tissue death from pressure of the packing during the immediate postop period. A fistula enables excrement to bypass the anal stricture and exude from the vagina. The excrement prevents proper healing of the fistula and an ongoing danger of infection. The only way to correct the damage is to perform a colostomy, and then wear a bag for many months while the fistula heals. Proper dilation of the neovagina may not be possible during this periond, often leading to closure of the neovagina. The patient may thus later need a complete redo of the SRS using skin grafts.
- 所有最可怕的並發症之一，是形成陰道直腸瘺。這期間可能出現的意外切割通過直腸前壁，或它可以發生在眼前術後期間從包裝的壓力，由於陰道直腸組織死亡，解剖陰道腔。 一個瘺，使糞便繞過肛門狹窄，從陰道流露出。 糞便防止正常癒合的瘻管和持續感染的危險。只有這樣，才能糾正損害進行結腸造口 ，然後穿了一包多月，而瘺口癒合。適當擴張的neovagina可能不是有可能在此期間 periond，往往導致關閉 neovagina。因此，病人可能以後需要一個完整的使用皮膚移植的SRS重做。
- [Note: This terrible type of complication often goes unreported because the patient is dependent of the surgeon to correct the damage, and won't want to alienate him by publicly revealing that the complication has occurred. She is also usually devastated emotionally and won't want to reveal the horror she is going through. Be sure to go to one of the TOP surgeons if you want to minimize the risk of such awful complications.]
- [注：這可怕的並發症，往往未報告的，因為病人的外科醫生，以糾正損害，並通過公開透露，並發症發生他不想疏遠。 她通常也破壞情緒，不想透露她正在經歷的恐怖。 請務必到最佳的外科醫生之一，如果你想最大限度地減少這種可怕的並發症的風險。]
- Once released from the hospital, the main concern facing the newly postop woman is to insure that her neovagina heals properly, and maintains its size and remains functional. In order to do this, the patient must dilate frequently using a vaginal stent for an extended period following surgery. There are a number of sources for such stents, and your surgeon will most likely recommend a source to you. One current internet source for stents is Duratek Plastics of Canada.
- 出院後，主要關注的問題，面臨著新術後的女人是，以確保她的neovagina癒合正常，並保持它的大小和保持功能。為了做到這一點，病人必須擴張頻繁使用陰道支架手術後長時間。有一些這類支架，和你的醫生將最有可能給你推薦一個源。Duratek公司塑料支架目前互聯網來源是加拿大。
- Vaginal stents typically range in size from about 1-1/8 to 1-1/2 inches or more in diameter (28 to 38 mm), and must be inserted to full depth (4 to 6 inches or more) into the woman's vagina for 30-40 minutes several times per day for many months after the surgery. Increasing sizes are used to gradually widen and maintain the vaginal opening during the postop recovery period. Later-on, especially during any prolonged periods of sexual inactivity, basic dilation must be done at least once or twice a week to insure maintenance of vaginal width and depth. Even after many years, if the woman notices any tightening or constrictions from one week to the next, the frequency of dilation must be increased until that tightening episode has passed.
- 通常陰道支架的尺寸範圍從約 1-1/8到1-1/2英寸以上（28至38毫米）直徑，全面深入到必須插入女人的陰道（4至6英寸以上） 30-40分鐘，每天幾次手術後的許多個月。增加規模的逐步擴大，並保持在術後恢復期間的陰道口。後來上，尤其是在任何長期性閒置的，基本的擴張，必須完成至少一次或每週兩次，以確保維護陰道寬度和深度。即使多年後，如果女性發現任何緊縮或從一個星期到下一個收縮，擴張頻率必須增加，直到已通過，收緊情節。
- For more detailed information about dilation techniques and immediate postop care, carefully study the article Zen and the Art of Postop Maintenance. We cannot over-emphasize how essential it is to rigorously perform dilations according to the schedule provided by your surgeon. Many of the cases where surgical outcomes seem to be poor are actually the result of women not rigorously dilating, especially during the critical months immediately following SRS.
- 對於擴張技術和即時術後護理有關的詳細信息，認真研究的文章禪宗和術後保養的藝術。我們不能過分強調嚴格執行伸縮，根據你的外科醫生提供的時間表是多麼重要。 手術結果似乎是窮人的情況下，許多婦女的結果，沒有嚴格的擴張，尤其是在關鍵的數個月中，緊接的SRS。
- Following is a photo of a newly-postop transsexual woman, whose pubic hair is still shaven, undergoing one of her initial vaginal dilations (after SRS at Dr. Suporn clinic in Thailand). Note that the depth obtainable during SRS is a function of surgical technique, available penile and scrotal tissue for skin grafts and the patient's pelvic anatomy. Typical SRS depths for most patients of the better surgeons are in the range of 4" to 6". Here you see an above average result of SRS: a vaginal depth of about 6 to 6-1/2 inches. The stent in this photo is 30mm in diameter. As you can see the stent enters the body at the base of the vulva, and in a normal angle in line with the main torso. Thus this patient's overall genital geometry is now the same as for any female, and will accomodate all the usual positions for sexual intercourse and lovemaking.
Dr. Biber was one of the pioneering surgeons of the 20th century. Over a 35 year period beginning in 1969, he performed over 5000 sex reassignment surgeries, almost single-handedly establishing SRS as an acknowledged and accepted treatment for transsexualism in the U.S. Much beloved by the trans community, Dr. Biber passed away on Monday January, 16, 2006 at the age of 82.
以下是一個新術後變性女人的陰毛仍是剃光的照片，她最初的陰道擴張術（後在SRS的經歷之一Suporn診所博士在泰國）。請注意，深度在SRS的索取是手術技術，可用陰莖和陰囊皮膚移植的組織和病人的盆腔解剖功能。更好的外科醫生患者最典型的SRS深處的範圍在4至6“。 這裡你可以看到一個 SRS高於平均水平的結果是：陰道深度約 6至6-1/2英寸。在這張照片的支架直徑 30mm。 正如你可以看到支架外陰基地進入人體，並在一個主要軀幹的正常角度。 因此，病人的整體生殖器幾何現在任何女性，將容納所有的性交和做愛通常的立場。
-
- Lynn highly recommends that all women having SRS find a friendly, trustworthy, competent family practitioner or gynecologist beforehand. Tell them what you are about to do, so that they can help you with any minor complications that may be present or may arise once you return from your surgery. Unfortunately, few physicians have any clue about SRS. Therefore, if you suddenly have a complication at home after surgery, you may find it very difficult to get medical help. Many physicians will be afraid of helping for fear that lack of knowledge may lead them into malpractice problems, etc. It would be better if more of the top surgeons would write-up some aftercare information that included a section for general practitioners and gynecologists regarding postop care. This might help ease the concerns among local physicians about how to help a postop woman after SRS.
- 琳強烈建議所有婦女的SRS事先找到一個友好的，值得信賴的，稱職的家庭醫生或婦科醫生。 告訴他們你做，使他們可以幫助您與任何輕微的並發症，可能存在或可能出現的，一旦你返回你的手術。 不幸的是，很少有醫生有關 SRS的任何線索。因此，如果你突然有一個家在手術後的並發症，你會發現它很難得到醫療幫助。許多醫生會害怕恐懼，知識的缺乏可能導致醫療事故的問題幫助等，這會更好，如果更多的頂級外科醫生會寫一些善後的資料，其中包括一段關於術後的全科醫生和婦科醫生護理。 這可能有助於緩解當地醫生之間有關如何幫助後 SRS術後女子的關注。
- Note: Lack of local medical care was a huge problem for postop women in past decades. Many women returning from abroad with major complications in the 1960's and 1970's were unable to find any medical help here in the U.S. Some were even ejected from ER's they had gone to with life-threatening complications. Some died for lack of access to basic postop medical care in the U.S. Fortunately, things aren't this bad anymore in most places. But to be absolutely safe, be SURE to line up access to local medical care BEFORE going for SRS.
- 注：基層醫療的缺乏是一個巨大的問題，在過去幾十年的術後婦女。從國外回來的許多婦女在1960年和1970年的主要並發症是無法找到任何醫療幫助，在美國，有些人甚至從 ER的，他們已經與危及生命的並發症彈出。一些缺乏獲得基本醫療護理術後在美國幸運的死亡，事情不是這個壞了，在大多數地方。 但要絕對安全，一定要排隊的SRS之前獲得當地的醫療保健。
- All postop patients should be very careful not to let fears and worries and embarrassments interfere with proper aftercare. If you are having any medical problems and are in doubt about your condition, go see a doctor! Don't let a minor infection or bleeding or pain stop you from doing your scheduled dilations! If there is any problem at all, seek local medical help and also get back in contact with your primary surgeon. You must not let ANYTHING interfere with your dilations, or else you risk the loss of your neovagina.
- 所有術後患者應該非常小心，不要讓恐懼和憂慮的尷尬與干擾適當的善後。如果您有任何醫療問題，並在懷疑你的病情，去看醫生！ 不要讓輕微的感染或出血或疼痛阻止你做你的預定伸縮！如果有任何問題，尋求當地的醫療幫助，還可以在與您的主要外科醫生接觸。你不能讓任何事情干擾你的伸縮，否則你風險損失您neovagina。
- After a couple of months have passed, healing will begin to be complete and you can relax a bit. The frequency of scheduled dilations will ease a bit, and you will begin to feel your new form of sexual arousals. At this point you are ready to fully begin your new sex life as a woman.
- 經過幾個月過去了，癒合將開始完成，你可以放鬆一下。預定伸縮的頻率將緩解了一下，你會開始感覺到你的性覺醒的新形式。在這一點上，你是準備充分作為一個女人開始你新的性生活。
-
Some Practical Matters: 一些實用的事項：
- Dilations require lubrication, and many postop gals use the water-soluble lubes such as K-Y for this purpose. However, if you need to lube "on the run" in rest room or similar situation, K-Y is rather messy because you need to wash with water to clean it off. Mineral oil is an inexpensive alternative lubricant for dilation that works well, and it cleans up without necessarily requiring washing it off. It can be almost completely removed with paper towels without water, and really isn't very "oily" after all. The only problem with mineral oil is when travelling you have to pack your bottle of it inside a zip-lock bag lest it sneak out into your luggage.
- 伸縮需要潤滑，和許多術後加侖水水溶性潤滑劑如KY用於此目的。但是，如果您需要潤滑油“運行”，在休息室內或類似的情況，肯塔基州，而凌亂，因為你需要用清水洗淨清潔。 礦物油是一種廉價的的替代擴張行之有效的潤滑劑，它清理，而不一定需要清洗。它可以幾乎完全消除與不含水的紙巾，真的是畢竟不是很“油”。 與礦物油的唯一的問題是旅行時，你必須以免潛入你的行李包內一個拉鍊鎖頭包你一瓶。
- Lubrication is also usually required during sex play and intercourse using your new vagina. Here too there is a good alternative to the ubiquitous K-Y. Astroglide is a much better lube. It takes less of it, and it feels much more "slimy" like natural mucous secretions do. It lasts well and is water soluble too. The only problem with it is that the Astroglide bottles have a little pop-up nozzle that it very sharp at the end - so do be careful when applying it in the heat of passion to yourself and especially to your lover!
- 潤滑通常還需要在性的發揮和使用新的陰道性交。這裡也有無處不在肯塔基州。 Astroglide是一個很好的選擇，是一個更好的潤滑油。它需要的要少，而且感覺更“粘糊糊的”的像自然的粘膜分泌物那樣。它持續良好，並易溶於水。與它的唯一的問題是Astroglide瓶，有一個小的彈出式噴嘴，它在年底非常尖銳的 - 所以千萬要小心時，它在給自己的激情熱，尤其是你的情人！
- The postop woman may need to douche occasionally, especially after intercourse, in order to keep her neovagina clean and odor-free. There are many over-the-counter preprepared douches that work fine for this. They come in various scents and concentrations. Lynn prefers the "extra cleansing vinegar and water" mixtures, but all the mixtures work fine and will leave you feeling clean and fresh inside. The easiest way to use the douche is to stand in a bathtub or shower and relax and carefully insert it vertically in line with your vagina. Once it is in all the way (the tips are about 4" long), squeeze the bottle empty and let the fluid simply run down your legs. Wipe off with a wet washcloth, and you're done.
- 術後女人偶爾可能需要以沖洗，尤其是性交後，為了保持她neovagina的清潔，無異味。有許多櫃檯 preprepared灌洗工作罰款。 他們在不同的氣味和濃度。 琳喜歡的“額外的清潔醋和水的混合物，但所有的混合物做工精細，將讓你感覺裡面乾淨清爽。使用沖洗最簡單的方法是站在一個浴缸或淋浴間和放鬆，小心地插入你的陰道行垂直。一旦它在所有的方式（大約 4“長的提示），擠壓瓶空，讓流體只需運行你的腿，用濕毛巾擦拭下車，就大功告成了。
- Most of these prepared douches, such as the Massengill brand, have a tip that tapers down to a fairly fine end, almost to a point. These tapered tips can be a bit painful to insert, especially during the first months after SRS. Since the shafts get larger as you insert further, you can sometime feel the rather sharp flutes along the shaft (slot where the fluid will be ejected from the bottle). Therefore, you'll need to use quite a bit of lube all along those shafts in order to insert those tips, and the sensation may still be unpleasant.
- 大多數的這些準備灌洗， 如麥森吉爾品牌，有一個提示，錐度相當細，幾乎到了點。這些錐形提示，可以是一個有點痛苦的插入，尤其是在後 SRS的頭幾個月。由於軸插入進一步獲得更大的，你可以沿軸（插槽液會從瓶中噴出）的某個時候感到相當尖銳的長笛。因此，你需要使用相當多的潤滑油位，沿這些軸，以插入這些提示，並仍可能不愉快的感覺。
- However, there is one brand of douche, "Summers Eve" which uses a wider, hemispherical tip the size of a small finger, and the shaft behind the tip is smaller in diameter than the tip. Summers Eve douches insert very easily and painlessly with only a small amount of lube on the tip.
- 然而，有一個沖洗的品牌，“薩默斯夏娃 “背後提示使用更廣泛，半球形尖的小手指大小，與軸是直徑小於尖。薩默斯前夕灌洗插入很容易，輕鬆地只有針尖上的少量潤滑油。
- Initially, when newly postop, the girl may have difficulty with her urine unpredictably "spraying" all over the place when she sits to pee. However, as her urethral opening heals, she will gradually be able to direct her urine into a more predictable stream. This may take some learning on exactly how to sit and how to position the urethral opening when peeing - learning some things that all GG's had to do when they were little girls.
- 最初，當新術後，女孩可能有她的尿液不可預知的“噴塗”所有的地方，當她坐在撒尿困難。 不過，由於她的尿道口癒合，她將逐步能夠直接進入她的尿液更可預測的流。這可能需要一些學習上究竟如何坐，如何定位噓噓 - 學習一些東西，所有的GG做時，他們的小女孩時尿道口。
- Many newly postop gals at some point suddenly become overly concerned about whether their new genitalia are going to look perfectly normal and whether they are "deep enough" for intercourse. These concerns can be very disabling and prevent the woman from relaxing, having fun, learning her body well, and then going out and dating and becoming open to sexual activities with a partner. This can become a kind of panic as the possibility of sexual intercourse as a woman begins to present itself. Newly postop women need to know that as long as they have at least 4" of depth, they will be able to have fun sex with most average-sized men. More than 4" is defintely better, but 4" is just enough. Many postops have about that much depth and do just fine in relationships with men. Also, most men find female genitalia a bit scary and just don't look all that closely. If you are a fun sexual partner and your genitalia are sexually functional, then you should have no concerns about "looking perfect".
- 許多新術後女性突然變得過於擔心他們的新生殖器是否要看起來完全正常，關注，無論他們是“不夠深”性交的一些點。 這些問題可以很禁用和防止放鬆，玩樂，學習她的身體，然後走出去，約會，並成為與合作夥伴的開放性活動的女人。這可以成為一種恐慌的那種性交的可能性，作為一個女人開始出現。 新術後婦女需要知道，只要他們有至少4“的深入，他們將能夠與大多數普通大小的男性的樂趣性。超過 4”是defintely更好的，但4“僅僅是足夠的。 postops有那麼多的深度，並在與男人的關係就好了。此外，大多數人發現女性生殖器有點嚇人，就是不看，密切，如果你是一個有趣的性伴侶和你的生殖器的性功能，然後你應該有“尋找完美”毫無顧慮。
- By the way, quite a few GG women have confusions and concerns about "how they look". A recent controversy in Australia clarifies this issue: Most GG women have not seen the details of many other women's vulvas, but nowadays they may often see photos of other women in their boyfriends or husbands' porno magazines. In Australia the men's magazines such as Playboy and Penthouse are forced to digitally "pretty-up" and simplify the appearance of women's genitals in their photos in order to be sold without plastic-wrap covers. As a result of seeing these modified photos, many women in Australia have now gotten a very unrealistic notion of what most women's vulvas look like, and this has led to many women there to seek out plastic surgeons to make their genitals "look normal"! This story should help more postop TS women to relax a bit and not worry so much about "how they look". There is a very wide range of vulvar appearances, and most postops these days fit somewhere within the rather "normal-looking" part of that spectrum.
- 順便說一下，不少的GG婦女約混亂和擔憂“如何看”。 一個在澳大利亞最近的爭議闡明這個問題：GG大多數婦女沒有見過許多其他婦女 vulvas的細節，但現在他們可能經常看到自己的男朋友或丈夫的色情雜誌中的其他婦女的照片。男子在澳大利亞，如花花公子和閣樓雜誌被迫數字“漂亮，向上”和簡化他們的照片婦女生殖器的外觀，沒有塑料，包裝蓋出售。由於看到這些修改的照片，許多澳大利亞婦女已經得到了一個大多數婦女vulvas是什麼樣子，非常不切實際的概念，這已率領許多婦女有以尋求出整形外科醫生，他們的生殖器“看起來正常“！這個故事可以幫助更多術後的TS婦女放鬆位，而不是這麼多的擔心：“他們是如何看待”。 有一個非常廣泛外陰露面，最postops適合這些天，而“正常的”頻譜的一部分內某處。
- It also turns out that most men find postop women quite wonderful feeling during intercourse, because postops are usually "tighter" than other girls those men have made love to. Postop women can also "snatch" their lovers' penises and apply pressure by tightening their abdominal muscles, just as GG's do, and thus make themselves even tighter. However, you must be sure to regularly dilate to at least 35mm in width (1-3/8 inch) in order to take in an average-sized male, and 38mm is even better (1-1/2 inch). Remember, your vagina is not as elastic in diameter as a GG's vagina. It will stretch out only to the maximum size you've dilated to, and will then go no further. If you are in doubt about someone's size, be sure to carefully "feel the width" of your date before indicating a desire for intercourse. That way you can see if he's likely fit into you. If he's definitely too wide, you can decide that you are "too tired" that night. Then find someone else to date.
- 它也變成了大多數男人認為術後婦女在性交時很美妙的感覺，因為 postops通常比那些男人都喜歡其他女孩“更緊實”。 術後的婦女也可以“搶”他們的戀人“陰莖，並適用於收緊腹部肌肉的壓力，就像GG的，從而使自己更加嚴格。然而，你必須確保定期擴張寬度至少在35毫米（1-3/8英寸），以便在一個平均大小的男性，38毫米，甚至更好（1-1/2英寸）。請記住，你的陰道是沒有 GG的陰道直徑的彈性。 伸出你擴張的最大大小，然後會去沒有進一步。如果你在某人的尺寸有任何疑問，請務必仔細“感覺的寬度”為性交的慾望，才表示你的日期。 這樣，你可以看到，如果他很可能適合你。如果他的絕對太寬，你可以決定你是“太累了”那一夜。然後找別人迄今為止。
-
Sexual Arousal, Lovemaking and Orgasm in Postoperative Transsexual Women 在術後變性婦女的性興奮，做愛和高潮 - Many myths surround the effects of SRS on libido, sexuality and orgasm. Many preop TS women are understandably concerned about whether they will be able to fully enjoy and eagerly participate in lovemaking after SRS. Of special interests and concern is whether postop TS women can fully experience sexual arousal and orgasm. The ability to easily become aroused, to desire intimate and sensual contact, and to achieve sexual release through orgasm is a precious gift to bring into love relationships, especially when combined with a desire to give full and complete pleasure to one's love partner too. A loss of these capabilities could ruin the woman's chances of experiencing her full humanity after transition, especially for finding and enjoying a passionate, deeply-bonded love relationship. However, as we'll see, SRS can provide those for whom it is right the chance to fully experience the joys of sex and lovemaking - and thus to finally enjoy a full human life.
- 許多神話環繞 SRS的影響，對性慾，性行為和性高潮。很多術前的TS婦女是可以理解的關注，他們是否能夠充分享受和踴躍參加的SRS後做愛。特殊的利益和關切的是術後的TS婦女是否可以充分體驗性興奮和高潮。 能夠輕鬆地成為引起的，渴望親密和感性接觸，並實現通過性高潮的性釋放是一份珍貴的禮物帶來的戀愛關係，尤其是當一個願望給予充分和完整的愉悅的愛夥伴相結合。 這些能力的損失可能會毀了她完整的人類經歷過渡期後，特別是發現和享受一個充滿激情，深保稅戀愛關係，女人的機會。然而，正如我們將看到，SRS可以提供那些對他們來說，它是正確的機會，充分體驗性和做愛的樂趣 - 從而最終享有一個完整的人的生命。
- Myths vs Reality, and the decision to undergo SRS 神話VS現實，決定接受SRS手術
- Many people simply assume that the loss of the external male genitalia will result in a complete loss of sexuality. This very naive myth unnecessarily frightens many preop women, and it also furthers prejudice against postop TS women, who are often thought of by the general public as having "desexed themselves".
- 很多人簡單地認為，外部的男性生殖器的損失將導致一個完全喪失性慾。這很幼稚的神話不必要地震懾了許多 preop婦女，而且還進一步加強了對術後 TS婦女，往往被認為受到大眾的“絕育自己”的偏見。
- Certainly a typical male would suffer a catastrophic impact on body image and libido from the loss of his external genitalia. However, it has long been known that with counseling and practice, even males who have lost their genitalia to cancer can recover the capability for arousal and orgasm.
- 當然，一個典型的男性會遭受災難性影響身體形象和性慾從他的外生殖器的損失。然而，長期以來被稱為輔導和實踐，甚至已經失去了他們的生殖器癌症的男性可以恢復興奮和高潮的能力。
- Furthermore, intensely TS women are not "regular guys". They do not suffer a negative impact on body image as a result of SRS, but instead find a greatly enhanced body image. The experiences of countless Hijra girls in India demonstrates that even primitive forms of SRS do not desex transsexual girls and in fact helps many of them. SRS has the opposite effect on intensely TS women as would the emasculation of a typical male. SRS usually releases and enhances the libidos of TS women, enabling them to frequently and fully "turn-on" and enjoy their physical sexuality and lovemaking, including achievement of orgasm during intercourse with a partner.
- 此外，激烈的TS婦女是不是“經常傢伙”。他們不遭受身體形象的負面影響作為一個 SRS的結果，而是找到一個極大地增強機體圖像。希吉拉無數女孩在印度的經驗表明，甚至原始形式的SRS不desex變性女孩，其實許多幫助他們。SRS相反的效果有一個典型的男性閹割強烈的TS婦女。 通常SRS的版本和增強的TS婦女的性慾，使他們經常和完全的“開啟”，並享受自己的身體的性行為和做愛，包括在與伴侶性交的高潮成就。
- The myths and misunderstandings about the effects of SRS cause many preop TS women to remain in a state of indecision about having surgery. Although feeling an intense need to undergo SRS to achieve physical conformity with their gender identity, some preops may also feel extreme anxiety about whether or not they will still experience sexual arousal and orgasm after SRS.
- SRS的影響的神話和誤解，導致許多 preop TS婦女仍然在猶豫不決的狀態接受手術。雖然感覺強烈需要接受SRS的實現與自己的性別身份的物理符合，有些preops可能也覺得他們是否將 SRS性喚起和性高潮後仍遇到極度焦慮。
- This anxiety is enhanced by stories heard from many TS transition failures, including the cases of intense cross-dressers, drag queens and crossdressers who mistakenly underwent SRS for various sexual reasons and then found that their male libidos were greatly reduced and their male orgasmic capability eliminated. See the "WARNING " in Lynn's TS information pages, for clarification of what can happen when male-gendered crossdressers or drag queens become misguided and have SRS. There have been so many of these misguided cases that the urban myths about SRS have escalated over the years, and there is now a lot of confusion about what to expect after SRS.
- 這種焦慮是聽到許多 TS過渡失敗的故事，包括激烈的異裝族群，扮裝皇后和crossdressers誤接受各種性的原因SRS，然後發現，男性的性慾被大大減少和消除他們的男性性高潮的能力的情況下提高。見琳的TS信息頁的“警告” ，會發生什麼，當男性性別crossdressers或拖動皇后成為誤導，並有SRS的澄清。 這些誤導的情況下，有關 SRS的都市神話升級多年來有這麼多，現在有很多什麼期望後的SRS混亂。
- On the other hand, many other transsexual girls learn to visualize from their preop sexual experiences (as Lynn did) that they'll probably still "turn-on" sexually and be orgasmic as women after SRS: Many preop women hide their genitals by inserting the testicles up into the abdomen, and then tightly tucking the male organ back through the crotch (with tight underwear or taping). In this configuration, the penis cannot usually get enough blood supply for full external penile erection. Even though the external part of the penis cannot erect when tucked tightly, the girl nevetheless experiences the familiar female "glow" and warmth throughout her interior genital region when she is aroused, for example, by a man's warm attentions. In addition, the corpora cavernosa shafts inside her body can become erect once the girl is sexually aroused, and that arousal feels really wonderful - even though the external part of the penis is flaccid. Sexual stimulation by rubbing and caressing the genital area and the breasts can then lead to orgasm for a girl who is sufficiently aroused.
- 另一方面，許多其他的變性女孩學習可視化從他們 preop性經驗（如琳做的那樣），他們很有可能仍是“開啟”性和女性性高潮後的SRS：許多 preop婦女通過插入隱藏自己的生殖器睾丸到腹部，然後緊緊通過胯下的男性器官每天進食（緊身內衣或膠帶）。在此配置中，陰莖通常不能得到足夠的血液供應充分的外部陰莖勃起。 即使外部的一部分陰莖不能勃起夾著緊密時，女孩nevetheless經驗，熟悉的女“發光”她的整個生殖器區域內部和溫暖時，她更是引起例如，一個人的熱烈關注。此外，她的身體內的海綿體軸可以成為勃起，一旦女孩是性慾，而興奮的感覺真奇妙 - 陰莖外部的一部分，即使是弛緩性。然後，通過摩擦和愛撫生殖器區域和乳房的性刺激可以導致一個女孩誰是足以引起性高潮。
- From experiences like this, preop women can visualize that after undergoing SRS the remaining internal stumps of her corpora will still engorge and become erect, and that she can experience similar feelings of sexual arousal when she is postop. In addition, the postop woman can now also experience wonderful sensations from caressing her clitoris, which, in contrast to the previously hidden penis, can now be openly played with without her experiencing angst about her body-image. 這樣的經驗，術前婦女可以想像，她語料庫經過 SRS的其餘內部的樹樁將仍然大吃，成為直立，和她可以體驗類似的感受時，她是術後性喚起。此外，術後女人現在也可以從愛撫她的陰蒂，對比以前隱藏的陰莖，現在可以公開演奏沒有自己的經歷對她的身體形象的焦慮與體驗美妙的感覺。
- There are thus many dimensions to postop women's sexuality, and the actual postop effects of SRS on arousal and orgasm vary greatly from case to case. Those who are male-gendered, and who have male sexual urges focused in the external genitalia, are likely to experience great loss over time. Those who are "in between somewhere" will likely experience a mixture of losses and gains. Those who are female gendered and who have strong female sexual urges are likely to benefit greatly, as a whole new life of sensuality, sexuality and lovemaking opens up to them. All of this is of course contingent upon the person having a normal-level of libido, having no "hang-ups" about being sensual and sexual, and also upon a successful surgical result.
- 因此，許多方面的術後女性性慾，和實際的SRS術後興奮和高潮的影響差別很大情況而定。 那些男性的性別，男性性慾集中外生殖器，隨著時間的推移可能會遇到很大的損失。誰是“之間的某處”將有可能體驗得失的混合物。 那些女性性別，有強烈的女性性慾可能大大受益，作為一個整體淫蕩，性慾和做愛的新生活開闢了他們。 所有這一切都是隊伍後，有一個正常的性慾水平的人，當然，沒有“掛 UPS”肉慾和性，也有一個成功的手術結果後。
- Thus the decision for SRS must be taken with great internal soul searching and introspection, and with complete honesty with oneself about one's own gender identity, body image and likely psychic reactions to the body changes of SRS. This is especially true if sexual arousal and orgasm are very important in one's life. However, for those for whom SRS is the right thing to do, that surgery can release them fully from the physical gender trap they had been living in, and free them to experience their full humanity in sexual and lovemaking relationships.
- 因此，對 SRS的決定必須採取內部大反省和內省，對自己的性別身份，身體形象和SRS的身體的變化可能產生的心理反應與自己完全誠實。這是特別真實的，如果性興奮和高潮是在人的一生中非常重要的。 然而，對於那些對他們來說，SRS是正確的事情，手術可以釋放他們完全從生理性別的陷阱，他們一直生活在，並釋放他們，體驗他們的充分性和做愛的關係人類。
- Initial sexual response of postoperative TS women: Entering a second puberty
- 初步術後TS婦女的性反應：進入第二個青春期
- There is a wide range of libidos in postop women, just as in natal women. Some women are very highly sexed, the majority are moderately sexed, and some are asexual and have little libido at all. This section is relevant for those postop women who have healthy libidos, who experience sexual arousals and who desire ongoing sexual fulfillment and orgasms.
- 術後婦女的性慾有一個廣泛的，就像在產後婦女。有些女性絕育手術是非常高，多數是中等絕育手術，和一些無性有一點性慾。本節是為那些有健康的性慾，體驗性的覺醒和渴望持續性滿足和性高潮的術後婦女相關。
- Most postop women having healthy libidos begin to experience their first postop arousals within a month or two after surgery. After a initial period of low sensations and even numbness, they then experience "turning on" due to engorgement of remaining internal erectile tissue (corpora and spongiosum) that was left during SRS. The arousals produce a feeling of "erection", but one that is different than for guys, since it is inside their bodies.
- 大多數術後婦女健康的性慾開始體驗到一兩個月內，他們的第一次手術後的術後覺醒。 後低的感覺，甚至麻木的初期，他們的經驗“轉”，因為其餘內部的勃起組織（語料庫和海綿體），在SRS的左怒張。 覺醒產生的“勃起”的感覺，但一個是比不同的傢伙，因為它自己的身體內。
- For some postop women, it may take much longer for these arousals to begin, especially if they were inactive sexually and/or asexual prior to SRS due to their gender angst. However, even these postop women will eventually begin to experience genital arousals and the onset of sexual desires if they have active libidos.
- 對於一些術後的女性，它可能需要更長的時間對這些覺醒開始，特別是如果他們不活躍性和/或無性前到SRS由於他們的性別焦慮。然而，即使這些術後婦女最終將開始體驗到生殖器的覺醒和性慾發作，如果他們有積極的性慾。
Consider also these words from the webpage Zen and the Art of Post-Operative Maintenance: "Another factor in sexual function is your endocrine system...After surgery, some women find that their adrenal glands (the other source of testosterone) do not produce enough to provide adequate libido or orgasm. You may require a small amount of supplemental testosterone to regain functioning. The amount required is typically far below the amount that will cause any other unwanted side effects, such as hair growth. Not everyone requires this, but keep in mind that some do."
考慮也從網頁禪和手術後的維護藝術的這些話：“在性功能的另一個因素是你的內分泌系統... ...手術後，有些女性發現，他們的腎上腺（其他來源的睾酮）不產生足以提供足夠的性慾或性高潮。您可能需要補充睾酮少量重新恢復運轉所需的數額通常遠遠低於金額，將導致其他任何有害的副作用，如毛髮的生長，不是每個人都需要 ，但記住一些事情。“
Many natal women who are having difficulty in feeling turned-on and in achieving orgasms (especially post-menopausal women) are now taking Estratest tablets, which contain a combination of estrogen and small amounts of testosterone. Although Estratest is a somewhat controversial treatment, many natal women began taking it after it was featured in a story on Oprah Winfrey's hugely popular television show in the U.S. As a result of this news, and of advice like that on the Zen page, some post-op women who were experiencing difficulty in arousals and orgasms began using Estratest too, and some report that the therapy helps them. These tablets contain either 1.25 mg or 0.625 mg of estrogens (as in Premarin tablets), but also include a small amount of testosterone in each pill (for more information, see this link). There may be some kind of threshold effect involved here, whereby some women need a small amount of testosterone to maintain orgasmic capability. On the other hand, many other postop (and post-menopausal) women enjoy strong orgasms even in the complete absence of testosterone.
許多產後婦女有困難的感覺出身的，在達到高潮（特別是絕經後的婦女）現正Estratest片劑，其中含有雌激素和少量的睾酮的組合。 Estratest雖然是一個有點爭議的處理，許多產後婦女開始服用它後，這是在功能上奧普拉在美國廣受歡迎的電視節目的故事。 作為一個這個消息，和禪宗頁上這樣的意見的結果，一些運算後遇到困難的覺醒和性高潮的婦女誰是開始使用Estratest太，一些報告，該療法可以幫助他們。 這些藥片中含有1.25毫克或0.625毫克雌激素（普力馬片），還包括每粒少量的睾酮（有關詳細信息，請參閱此鏈接）。可能有一些這裡涉及到的閾值效應，即一些婦女需要少量的睾酮維持高潮的能力。另一方面，許多其他術後（和絕經後）的婦女享有，即使在睾酮完全沒有強烈的高潮。
In any event, once a postop woman begins experiencing arousals, the nerves in the clitoris and vulvar surfaces become highly sensitized, and sensual and sexy feeling permeate her body. Then, just as during pubertal sexual awakening, she will automatically feel urges to play with her body and to masturbate. The arousals will gradually intensify as her genital area fully heals from the SRS. Masturbation and sexual activity can likely play a role in helping neural regeneration and sensitivity during this period.
在任何情況下，一旦術後女子開始經歷覺醒的神經，陰蒂和外陰表面成為高致敏，感性和性感的感覺滲透到她的身體。然後，只是在青春期的性覺醒，她會自動感受到敦促發揮她的身體和手淫。作為她的生殖器部位完全癒合從 SRS的覺醒將逐步加大。自慰和性活動可能發揮的作用，在此期間幫助神經再生和靈敏度。
There are many ways to masturbate, but one favorite way for girls to do it is to "rub on a pillow". The girl does this by lying face down on her bed, with a firm pillow between her legs. This way she can rub her vulva and clitoris on the pillow while squeezing it, putting pressure on her clit and also being able to thrust and thrash around. At the same time she can play with her breasts and body with her hands.
手淫的方法有很多，但女孩做一個最喜歡的方式是“在枕頭上蹭”。女孩躺在朝下在她的床上，與她的雙腿之間的公司枕頭。通過這種方式，她可以在枕頭上摩擦她的外陰和陰蒂，同時擠壓，把她的陰蒂上的壓力，也能夠推力和捶打左右。同時，她可以發揮她的乳房和身體與她的手。
Alternatively, she can rub her clitoris with the fingers of one hand while squeezing her legs and thrashing around to stimulate her body. And there are many other ways to stimulate arousals and produce orgasms, including using vibrators and other women's sex toys. Girls discover these ways just as automatically as boys discover "jerking off", even though girls have been more secretive about it our society in the past.
While masturbating, the pubertal girl will suddenly begin to experience her first orgasms, and she is then on her way to developing her full sexuality as a woman. In just the same way, the postop woman needs to explore her new sexual anatomy and masturbate, and learn her new sexual responses and experience her first orgasms as a woman - learning what most girls do in their teens during puberty.
While masturbating, the pubertal girl will suddenly begin to experience her first orgasms, and she is then on her way to developing her full sexuality as a woman. In just the same way, the postop woman needs to explore her new sexual anatomy and masturbate, and learn her new sexual responses and experience her first orgasms as a woman - learning what most girls do in their teens during puberty.
另外，她也可以一隻手的手指揉搓她的陰蒂，同時擠壓她的腿和顛簸左右，以刺激她的身體。還有許多其他的方式來刺激覺醒和生產高潮，包括使用振動器和其他婦女的性玩具。女孩發現這些方法只是自動男孩發現“催人淚下”，儘管女孩已經在過去我們的社會更加詭秘。
雖然自慰，處於青春期的女孩會突然開始體驗她的第一個高潮，她是她的方式向發展中國家作為一個女人她充分的性行為。在用同樣的方法，術後女人需要探索了新的性解剖和手淫，並學習她的新的性反應和經驗作為一個女人她的第一個高潮 - 學習，大多數女孩在他們的青少年在青春期。
雖然自慰，處於青春期的女孩會突然開始體驗她的第一個高潮，她是她的方式向發展中國家作為一個女人她充分的性行為。在用同樣的方法，術後女人需要探索了新的性解剖和手淫，並學習她的新的性反應和經驗作為一個女人她的第一個高潮 - 學習，大多數女孩在他們的青少年在青春期。
這種持續的即時術後生活青春期方面可以非常驚險，令人興奮，但也很混亂，可怕的女人，多以同樣的方式，任何青少年性成熟期發病。
For some insights into this process, I highly recommend that you read the very candid webpage by entitled "M -> F Transexual Post-Op Orgasms - A Personal Perspective", by Monica Stewart. Monica's site stresses the need to gain experience with your new sexual responses prior to having intercourse. It is also important to try to get over hang-ups about what's "OK" and what's "naughty". Then too, many woman enjoy experiencing playful anal stimulation, including using sex toys to overcome inhibitions and enhance arousals. Most women also learn to use fantasies to trigger and enhance arousals and orgasms. Those fantasies can be used during masturbation, and then later used to help heighten one's experiences during intercourse with a lover.
對於這個過程中的一些見解，我強烈建議您閱讀題為“非常坦率的網頁M - > F Transexual運算後性高潮-個人的角度“，莫妮卡斯圖爾特。莫妮卡的網站強調性交前需要獲得您的新的性反應的經驗。 同樣重要的是設法得到過關於什麼是“OK”，什麼是“淘氣”掛 UPS。 ，許多女人享受俏皮的肛門刺激，包括使用性玩具，克服禁忌和提高覺醒。 大多數婦女也學會運用幻想觸發和增強的覺醒和性高潮。 這些幻想可以在手淫過程中，再後來用於幫助提高一個人的經驗，在與情人性交。
Thus we see that transition and SRS are just the very beginning: They enable the girl enter her new puberty. What she will make of herself as a woman is yet to be determined!
因此，我們看到，過渡和SRS只是一開始他們讓女孩進入了新的青春期。她將自己作為一個女人是尚未確定！
- Some advice to postop women about finding the right lover and losing your virginity
- 一些意見，術後婦女找到合適的愛人和失去你的貞操
- This section is aimed at postop women who have gained some experience with their new bodies and new sexual responses, and for whom "losing your virginity" is now a "goal". This can be a good thing to get behind you, because you'll be much more comfortable in the knowledge that you can really "do it", and it'll be easier the next time when it might really count.
- 本節的目的是在術後婦女已經取得了一些經驗與他們的新機構和新的性反應，對他們來說，“失去你的貞操”現在是一個“目標”。這可以是一件好事，你身後，因為你會舒服多了，你真的可以“做”的知識，它會更容易在未來的時候，它可能真正算。
- By doing this you can get over your fears of whether you will pass or "look OK" in the sack, and whether your body or scars or whatever will lead to comments or difficulties. It turns out that most guys won't notice a thing even in very problematic cases as long you are sexually functional. Most guys just don't look very close. And there is such a wide range of vulvar appearances among natal women that most postop women look OK anyways. So you'll soon be able to relax about all that, and feel comfortable "cutting loose" and enjoying lovemaking without being self-conscious.
- 通過這樣做，你可以得到你的恐懼，你是否會通過“看”確定“”在麻袋中，和你的身體或任何疤痕或是否會導致意見或困難。 事實證明，即使在很成問題的情況下，大多數球員將不通知的事情，只要你是性功能。大多數球員只是不看非常接近。有一個外陰露面產後婦女中廣泛最術後婦女看確定反正。 所以，你會很快可以放鬆一下所有，和感覺舒適的“切割寬鬆”，沒有自我意識享受做愛。
- However, it is important to avoid doing it with just "any guy", especially someone whose persona or approach doesn't turn you on, or who doesn't try to make you feel good. Instead try hard to find someone you have something in common with, and with whom you can test out if there is any "chemistry" in advance, before jumping into the sack. And of course, you really should try to figure out if the guy is a nice person who won't get violent with you if he somehow "finds out".
- 然而，重要的是避免做“任何傢伙”，特別是人的人格或方法不轉，或誰不嘗試使你感覺良好。而是努力找人，你有常見的東西，與你可以測試出是否有任何“化學”麻袋跳之前，提前。 當然，你真的應該揣摩如果這個傢伙是一個不錯的人，誰也不會跟你暴力，如果他有點“發現”。
- One mistake many girls make is to hope for too much and too quickly, and then becoming greatly disappointed with how sex feels. By expecting sex with "just any guy" to be fun, they can become extremely disappointed. They may mistakingly think that guys know how to turn them on, instead of needing to get aroused themselves. They may simply discover that they have little or no genital sensation when they are not turned on, even with the man penetrating them and ejaculating into them. This can erroneously lead them to believe that they "lack sensation", leading to all sorts of fears and worries.
- 許多女童的錯誤之一，是希望太多，太快，然後成為與性別如何感到極大失望。期待著與“任何人”有趣性，他們可以成為非常失望。，他們可能認為這傢伙知道如何打開它們，而不需要得到引起自己。 他們可能只是發現的時候都沒有打開的男子，穿透他們和他們射精，即使他們很少或根本沒有生殖器的感覺。 這個錯誤可以導致他們相信，他們缺乏“感覺”，導致各種擔心和憂慮。
- However, not "feeling much" when having sex with a man while you are not turned on is pretty much the same for ALL women, TS or not! It is a common experience nowadays among young teenage girls who cave in under pressure to "have sex with someone". It's not even a lot different from the situation a guy who isn't turned on faces while being pressured to have sex by a girl. Touching, rubbing and attempting intercourse simply do not feel good and do not produce results, unless you are turned on! That's why "being in love" with someone really does mean something folks!
- 然而，並非“感覺好多”時與一名男子發生性關係，而你沒有打開是幾乎所有婦女的相同，TS或不！它是一個共同的經驗，在時下的年輕少女誰在壓力下的洞穴“與他人發生性關係”。 它甚至沒有一個人不翻面有一個女孩發生性關係而被迫的傢伙了很多的情況不同。撫摸，揉搓，並試圖性交根本不覺得好，不產生結果，除非你打開！這就是為什麼“愛”與某人確實意味著一些鄉親！
- Only if your libido kicks-in and you get a feeling of "erection" or warm arousal, will all the external sensitive tissue begin to give really good sensation and will sex be fun and potentially lead to orgasm. Also, just as for any GG, postop women should not expect much sensation from inside the vagina. Most of the sensation when you are turned on will be from the external clitoral area and the outer vulva (for the TS woman there will also be strong sensations from the erect corpora and the prostate inside her).
- 只有當你的性慾踢的，你會得到一個“勃起”或熱烈興奮的感覺，將所有外部的敏感組織開始給真正好的感覺，性的樂趣，並可能導致性高潮。 此外，正如對任何GG，術後的婦女不應該期望很大的轟動，從陰道內。當你打開時，感覺大部分將來自外部的陰蒂區和外外陰（為 TS女人也會有勃起的語料庫和前列腺內她的強烈感覺）。
- So, the problem is how to find a guy whose presence and voice and warm touch makes you feel "melty", and who turns you on and makes you feel really comfortable and sensual and excited. You'll know it when it happens. Then definitely do jump into the sack and let your inhibitions go!
- 因此，問題是如何找到一個傢伙的聲音和溫暖的觸摸，讓你覺得“melty”，和你，讓你感覺真的很舒服，感性和興奮。當它發生時，你就會知道它。 然後絕對跳進麻袋，讓您的緊箍咒去！
- Many of these same issues arise for postop gals who seek women as love partners. They may feel even stronger concerns about whether their bodies and genitals look OK, and whether they will really be accepted as women. On the other hand, they may feel a lot less physical fear of their partners than do gals going out with men. Beyond this, the situations are similar: For lovemaking to work, you and your partner must both be aroused and be comfortable with each other, and you must find sweet and compatible ways to share and enjoy lovemaking together.
- 許多同樣的問題出現術後加侖尋求婦女作為愛夥伴。 他們可能會覺得更強大，他們的身體是否和生殖器的外觀確定，他們是否真的會被視為婦女接受關注。另一方面，他們可能會覺得少了很多他們的合作夥伴身體比不加侖走出去與男子的恐懼。 除此之外，情況是類似的：對於做愛的工作，你和你的伴侶必須同時調動和相互舒適，你必須找到甜蜜和兼容的方式，分享和享受做愛在一起。
- Even if you find a good loving partner who turns you on and who is a good lover, you may still need some advance practice in order to easily reach orgasm. Some of this depends upon the sexual positions you both like best, and upon how you have previously been masturbating. You may need to modify your private masturbation habits, and migrate to positions and stimulations more similar to those you experience during intercourse with your partner. Also, be sure to TELL your partner what you like. If he or she enjoys being with you and wants to make you happy, they will try to help you feel good. But they can't do that if they don't know what you like.
- 即使你找到一個很好的愛好夥伴歲生日的你，誰是好情人，你可能仍然需要一些預先的做法，為了更容易達到性高潮。 這取決於最喜歡的性交姿勢，並呼籲你們倆如何先前已自慰。您可能需要修改您的私人手淫習慣，並遷移到更類似於你在與你的伴侶性交經驗的立場和刺激。 此外，一定要告訴你的伴侶，你喜歡什麼。如果他或她喜歡你，並希望讓你快樂，他們將盡力幫助你感覺良好。 但他們不能做到這一點，如果他們不知道你喜歡什麼。
- Thinking about intercourse positions 性交姿勢的思考
- Some intercourse positions make it easier for a woman to reach orgasm than others. Most guys will let YOU tell them or guide them towards what you like (i.e., what position sequence you like to use). However, if you don't tell them what you like, you may end up flat on your back in the "missionary position" and get nothing out of it even IF you are turned on!
- 某些性交姿勢讓女人達到高潮比別人更容易。大多數球員將讓你告訴他們，或引導他們走向你喜歡什麼（即，你喜歡用什麼樣的地位序列）。 不過，如果你不告訴他們你喜歡什麼，你可能結束你的背部平的“傳教士姿勢”，什麼也得不到它，即使你打開！
- Remember, you are no different from GG women in that most of your sexual sensations will come from your clitoral area and outer-areas of the vulva, and you won't feel much sensation from down inside your vagina unless you are highly aroused. Therefore, just like most other women, simple penile penetration alone is not going to do much for you (contrary to most guys' misconceptions about female sexual response). Thus you don't want to leave it up to your man to just do it his way. It's very important to have some ideas of positions and lovemaking moves that will make you feel really good too.
- 記住，你是沒有不同的GG，你的性感覺最婦女將來自你的陰蒂區和外區外陰，你不會覺得從你的陰道內下降的除非你是高度引起很大轟動。 因此，就像其他大多數婦女，單靠簡單的陰莖滲透是不會為你做多（相反大多數球員的誤解，對女性的性反應）。 因此，你不想離開你的男人，只是做他的方式。這是非常重要的是有一些職位的想法和做愛的舉動，將讓你感覺真的很好。
- For many women it may be easiest to control your erotic sensations during penetrative intercourse if you are "kneeling on top". Thus the "woman on top" position (see photo of Jenny Hildouaki below) is considered by some women to be the easiest way to reach orgasm through intercourse alone, even without extra manual clitoral stimulation.
- 對於許多婦女而言，它可能是最容易控制在穿透性性交色情的感覺如果你是“跪在上面”。 因此位置“最女人”（ 見下文珍妮Hildouaki照片 ）是由一些婦女認為，即使沒有額外的手動陰蒂刺激，是最簡單的方法，僅通過性交達到高潮。
- Kneeling on top of her partner, the woman can control the speed, rhythm and angle of penetration in a way that arouses her most. She can move her pelvis against her partner's so that her clitoris rubs against his pubic bone (and pressure can be applied to her aroused corpora stumps, inside her and just behind the clitoris), which is an effective way to trigger an orgasm in many cases. At the same time, either the woman or her man can play with her breasts, adding to the erotic sensations she feels. If kneeling all the way down doesn't quite work, the woman can raise her torso slightly so that either she or her man can play with her clitoris by hand even while he is still inside her. In order to develop some insight into these possibilities, watch how "Leticia" (Halle Berry) reaches for her orgasm in the final lovemaking session of her academy award-winning performance in the movie "Monster's Ball".
- 跪在她的合作夥伴上，女人可以控制的方式，喚起她最滲透的速度，節奏和角度。她可以移動她對她的伴侶骨盆的使她的陰蒂對他的恥骨骨磨（和壓力可應用到她引起語料庫的樹樁，裡面她和僅次於陰蒂），一個有效的方式來觸發一個在許多情況下高潮。與此同時，無論是女人還是她的男人可以發揮她的乳房，加入到色情的感覺，她覺得。如果跪一路下跌不相當的工作，女人可以提高她的軀幹略，使她或她的男人，可以發揮她的陰蒂手，即使他是她還在裡面。為了發展成為這些可能性的一些見解，觀看“萊蒂西亞”（哈莉貝瑞）如何為她在她的奧斯卡獎獲獎影片“怪物舞會”表現的最後做愛會議達到高潮。
- Instead of trying to "both come at once", as if that were some sort of ideal goal, it is usually best for the woman to come first. That way she can be sure to come even if it takes some time. Playfully and lovingly swapping back and forth between penetration and then manual or oral stimulation of the girl's clitoris and vulva can help her get really hot and reach orgasm. Whatever works, works. Then, once the woman has had her orgasm, she can flip over and wrap her legs firmly around her man's back, and let him enjoy mounting her from above and thrusting hard into her while he approaches his orgasm and ejaculation.
- 而不是試圖“都來一次”，彷彿是某種理想目標，它通常是先來的女人最好。這樣，她可一定要來，即使它需要一些時間。 調皮和可愛的來回之間的滲透和女孩的陰蒂和外陰的刺激，然後手動或口頭交換，可以幫助她得到真正熱和達到高潮。無論作品，作品。 然後，一旦女人有她的高潮，她可以翻轉和總結她的雙腿緊緊圍繞她的男人的背部，並讓他享受她從上面安裝和硬插進她，而他的方法他的高潮和射精。
- Note: If the man has difficulty "staying up" long enough for the woman to reach orgasm, the solution is simple: Viagra! With Viagra almost any man can get good firm erections, and many healthy men can easily "stay up" for an hour or more by using it. Women should not hesitate to suggest Viagra to their men, because it can be a wonderful lovemaking enhancer. Since Viagra helps their men stay excited longer and takes pressure off their men, it can help women reach orgasms who otherwise can't reach orgasm soon enough - by giving them plenty of time to reach a climax.
- 注：如果男人有困難“熬夜”足夠長的女人達到高潮，解決方法很簡單：用偉哥！偉哥幾乎任何人能得到良好的堅定勃起，許多健康的男性可以很容易地“留”為。小時或更長時間使用。 婦女不應該毫不猶豫地表明自己的男人偉哥，因為它可以是一個美妙的做愛增強劑。 由於偉哥幫助自己的男人留興奮不再關閉自己的男人的壓力，它可以幫助女性達到高潮不能達到性高潮很快 - 給他們充足的時間來達到高潮。
- These same concerns arise if your partner is a woman. There is a need to explore for positions and methods that work, and for signaling about things such as shifting positions, who should come first this time, etc. The shared experiences of developing really satisfying lovemaking skills together is an important part of falling deeply in love and fully emotionally bonding with your partner.
- 這些相同的問題時，如果你的伴侶是一個女人。有需要的立場和方法的探索工作，如轉移陣地的事情信號，誰應該是第一位的這個時候，等共享經驗，共同開發真正滿足的做愛技巧是深深下降的一個重要組成部分愛和充分感情上與您的合作夥伴的結合。
- Once you are comfortable making love and reaching orgasm in basic sex-positions, you and your partner may want to explore more advanced techniques in order to keep your love-life fun and exciting. There is a wide variety of excellent books and videos available to help you in this. For starters, you could check out books like How to Be a Great Lover: Girlfriend-to-Girlfriend Time-Tested Techniques That Will Blow His Mind and The Good Girl's Guide to Bad Girl Sex. Also, take a look at videos like The Guide to Advanced Sexual Positions. Such books and videos can also help a woman get over various hang-ups and become more comfortable thinking about and then enjoying lovemaking.
- 一旦你和基本性的職位舒適的做愛達到高潮，你和你的伴侶可能想要探索更先進的技術，以保持你的愛情生活的樂趣和令人興奮的。有一個優秀的書籍和錄像可以幫助你在這個多種。對於初學者來說，你可以檢查出喜歡的書如何成為一個偉大的情人：女朋友，女友經過時間考驗的技術，將打擊他的頭腦和好女孩壞女孩性指南。 此外，採取先進的性交姿勢指南看在喜歡的視頻。 這些書籍和錄像，還可以幫助得到一個女人在不同掛，變得更加舒適思考，然後享受做愛。
- Some differences between earlier male vs later female genital experiences, arousals and orgasms 早期男VS後女性生殖器的經驗，覺醒和性高潮之間的一些分歧
- The results of SRS are made immediately obvious to the postop woman by one important effect: She now has to "sit down to pee". Peeing isn't as easy as before, and every time you pee you are reminded that you are now a girl, reminded in the same way that all the other girls are.
- SRS的結果是顯而易見的一個重要的影響術後女人：她現在已經“坐下小便”。 噓噓是不是像以前那樣容易了，每次你撒尿你提醒，你現在是一個女孩，以同樣的方式，所有其他的女孩提醒。
- On the other hand, there is a really great advantage to having female genitals that soon becomes obvious too: Your sexual arousals are no longer "visible to others". Just as for any other woman, the postop woman does not have to constantly suppress her arousals like men do. She can let herself get aroused any time she wants to, and can stay aroused for long periods of time without others "seeing anything", just as many other women do (this is another reason so many women smile a lot!).
- 另一方面，是一個真正偉大的優勢，很快變得明顯過多的女性生殖器：你的性覺醒，不再是“其他人可以看見”。正如任何其他的女人，術後女人不必須不斷壓制她的覺醒，像男人一樣。 她可以讓自己得到引起了她想要的任何時間，可以保持長時間沒有引起別人“看到什麼”，就像許多其他婦女做（這是另一個原因，使許多婦女苦笑了很多！）。
- It's great to be able to engage in fantasies and visualizations and get aroused at any time you want to. This freedom can help a woman create and firmly establish a healthy libido. She can hook-up her brain with her genitals without much "censorship" going on. Even though her libido is not as heavily stimulated by the large doses of testosterone that men have, neither does she have to tame and control her libido like men do theirs. Therefore, on balance, a woman can generally feel "sexy" much more of the time than a man can.
- 這是偉大的，能夠從事的幻想和可視化，並獲得在任何時候你想引起。這種自由可以幫助一個女人創造，牢固樹立一個健康的性慾。她可以鉤無多的“審查”，她與她的生殖器腦。 即使她的性慾是不是為重，男性的睾丸激素大劑量的刺激，也沒有她像男人一樣做他們的馴服和控制她的性慾。因此，在平衡，一個女人可以普遍感到“性感”遠遠比一個人可以更多的時間。
- Lynn speculates that a lot of men have problems with getting erections simply because they have to constantly avoid having erections. In other words, they get much more practice in avoiding erections than they do in getting them! Women do not need to "censor" their arousals in that way. If they have no religious or other types of hang-ups about sex and lovemaking, they can easily practice and enjoy getting aroused as much as they like, and can develop very healthy libidos as a result. This advantage can help the postop woman get into her sexuality fairly quickly and help her learn a lot in just the first year or two postop.
- 林恩推測，很多男人有勃起根本問題，因為他們必須不斷避免有勃起。 換句話說，他們獲得了更多的實踐比他們在做讓他們避免勃起！婦女不需要“檢查員”，在這樣的覺醒。如果他們有沒有宗教或其他類型的懸掛式UPS與性教育有關的做愛，他們可以很容易地實踐和享受越來越引起盡可能多的，因為他們喜歡，並能發展成為一個結果很健康的性慾。這種優勢可以幫助術後的女人到她的性慾相當迅速，並幫助她學會了很多在短短的一年或兩年術後。
- Once she begins experiencing arousals and engaging in sexual activities, one major thing becomes immediately obvious. Orgasm feels really different as a woman. It may not be quite as easy to achieve and may take longer to achieve, but it can be a much more powerful sensation than any she ever experienced before as a boy.
- 一旦她開始經歷覺醒和從事色情活動，一個重大的事情變得顯而易見。作為一個女人性高潮感覺真的不同。 它可能不是很容易實現，可能需要更長的時間來實現，但它可以是一個比她以往任何時候都經歷一個男孩的更強大的轟動。
- Following SRS, the perfunctory feeling of male ejaculation during orgasm is gone forever. Instead, you can build up your sexual arousal to a much higher level without ejaculation bringing things to a halt. It may take more time to reach it, but you can now experience a more powerful orgasm - with the old male ejaculation feeling now replaced by an intense neural discharge and spasm throughout the entire genital area during orgasm. It feels kind of like you are being gently stimulated with electricity inside and throughout your entire genital region. The experience can vary a lot from orgasm to orgasm in the way in which the "neural halo and spasmodic colors" of the orgasm develop, spread, and feel. It seems almost as if most men so easily and quickly reach ejaculation that they never manage to get "high enough" sexually to trigger this more powerful form of orgasm.
- 以下的SRS高潮時，男性射精敷衍的感覺已經一去不復返了。相反，你可以建立你的性喚起到一個更高的水平不射精帶來的東西停止。可能需要更多的時間來達到，但現在你可以體驗一個更強大的高潮 - 歲男性射精感覺，現在改為一個強烈的神經放電和痙攣性高潮時整個生殖器區域。這種感覺就像你正在輕輕的用電量內，在您的整個生殖器區域刺激樣的。經驗可以相差很多，從高潮，達到高潮的方式，在其中的“神經暈，痙攣性色彩”的高潮發展，蔓延，和感覺。看來彷彿大多數男人那麼容易和迅速的達到射精，他們從來沒有管理得“足夠高”性觸發性高潮更強大的形式。
- In addition, there are real differences in "body feelings" during lovemaking between the male and female experience (although many of these feelings will be "female" in form for preop TS women too). Most males are usually stimulated visually by their partner's body-appearance. Once aroused, they usually feel a growing "tightness inside" and a desire to "grab and hold and thrust and penetrate". This desire comes on suddenly, and quickly becomes quite overpowering, with most of the sexual sensations coming only from within the penis itself. However, when the release of orgasm occurs, it is usually much more perfunctory than for a woman, being accompanied by a few spurts of semen and a few grunts and that's it. The ejaculation is then followed by quite a sudden letdown and loss of any interest in sexual activity.
- 此外，還有“身體感受”期間做愛的男性和女性的經驗之間真正的差異（雖然這些感受很多人會在術前的TS婦女的“女性”的形式）。大多數男性通常由他們的伴侶的身體外觀視覺刺激。 一旦被激起，他們通常會覺得越來越多的“胸悶內”和“搶持有和推力和滲透”的願望。 這個願望突然，很快就變得相當強烈，大部分只能在陰莖本身的性感覺。 然而，當高潮釋放時，它通常比女人更敷衍，伴隨著幾個精液噴和幾個鱸，就是這樣。 射精隨後是相當突然的失望和性活動的任何權益損失。
- The sexual experience for the postop woman is much more "internal" within and throughout her whole body than for a male. The arousal may start in her genitals, but then can spread all through her lower body, especially inside the muscles, and her skin all over her body becomes more sensitized to caressing and touching. Instead of sexual arousal being just in the genitals as in a male, the estrogen seems to also enable a powerful "heat" to fill the woman's whole body once she is aroused - and especially once she is being penetrated. Having this heat come over her in the absence of a partner, and without any satisfaction, can make her feel like "climbing the walls" or "thrashing around in her bed".
- 術後女人的性經驗是她的整個身體和整個更比一個男性的“內部”。 覺醒可能開始在她的生殖器，但是，然後可以傳播通過她的下身，尤其是裡面的肌肉，和她在她的身體的皮膚變得更加敏感，愛撫和觸摸。相反，只是在男性生殖器性喚起，雌激素似乎也使一個強大的“熱”，以填補女人的整個身體，一次她是引起 - 尤其是當她被侵入。在這種熱過來她的合作夥伴的情況下，並沒有任何滿意，可以讓她覺得像“爬牆壁”或“顛簸在她的床上圍繞”。
- Since her whole body becomes much more sensitive to touch as she get fully aroused, she is not stimulated so much by her partner's appearance as by the way he (or she) touches her and manipulates her body and the way his (or her) voice sounds. She doesn't feel the hard focused drive to quickly achieve orgasm as do males, but instead feels a desire to let go and thrash around and be "handled" and gradually heighten her erotic feelings. It isn't what she is seeing that counts as much as what she is feeling and hearing and how her body is being manipulated by her partner, as she yields to the wonders of sexual heat and lovemaking. And usually she'll like to take some time to do this and enjoy this, instead of just "rushing for ejaculation" like most guys do.
- 由於她的整個身體變得多少更敏感，以觸摸為她得到充分引起的，她不刺激她伴侶的外觀為這麼多的方式他（或她）接觸她和操作她的身體和他（或她）的聲音的方式的聲音。 她不覺得硬盤驅動器集中迅速達到高潮一樣男性，而是感覺放手痛擊，“處理”，並逐步提高她的色情感情的願望。 這不是她看到什麼工作的罪名，她的感覺，聽覺和她的身體是如何被操縱她的搭檔，她產生性熱和做愛的奇蹟一樣。平時她會需要一些時間來做到這一點，享受這種，而不是僅僅的“嘩嘩射精”像大多數球員那樣。
- Finally, she will get up on a "plateau" and realize that an orgasm is going to come. This is a truly wonderful feeling. At some point, the orgasm starts and spreads throughout her genital area, with the genital nerves becoming tremendously sensitized as it spreads. The sensation of the orgasm will vary a lot from orgasm to orgasm (more variably than in the male). Sometimes it will be weak, but sometimes it can be amazingly intense, and the feeling varies a lot in form and "color" from orgasm to orgasm.
- 最後，她將得到一個“高原”和實現一個高潮要來。這是一個真正的美妙的感覺。 在某些時候，高潮開始蔓延整個生殖器的神經變得極大敏傳播，她的生殖器區域。 性高潮的感覺會有所不同從高潮到高潮（比男性更可變）的很多。有時會較弱，但有時也可以是令人驚訝的激烈，感覺變化很多形式和“顏色”，從高潮到高潮。
- Just like natal women, trans women often experience a strong urge to "vocalize" just before and during orgasm - moaning, squealing, screaming and making other loud noises while they come. The sound and internal body sensation of these vocalizations can greatly heighten the intensity of the orgasmic experience for many women. Postop women shouldn't be afraid to let out loud moans or screams when they come. It is perfectly natural, and can help transform ordinary orgasms into ecstatic ones. In contrast, very few men vocalize when they ejaculate, other than making a few grunts. Perhaps the difference is hormonal, with testosterone blocking these emotional vocalizations, just as it blocks emotions such as "crying" in males.
- 就像產後婦女，反婦女經常遇到強烈的“發聲”之前，在高潮 - 呻吟，尖叫，尖叫，大聲喧嘩，而他們來。 這些發聲的聲音和身體內部的感覺，可以大大提高了許多女性的性高潮經驗的強度。 術後的婦女不應該害怕讓出來，大聲呻吟或尖叫聲，當他們來。這是很自然的，並可以幫助轉換成普通欣喜若狂的高潮。相反，極少數人發聲時，他們射精，比其他幾個鱸。 也許不同的是激素，睾酮阻止這些情感發聲，就像塊情緒如“哭”在男性。
- After climax the trans woman feels a sudden relaxing and calming effect that is somewhat similar to what it is like for boys. But unlike when she was a boy, she may often feel aroused and sexy again rather soon after having sex, often getting firm internal erections again soon after her orgasms. Even though it may be difficult for her to achieve orgasm again until some time has passed (a few hours to a day or so), she may feel a desire for sex again right away anyways. These re-arousals are a really wonderful feeling, and can enable sweet sessions of touching and snuggling with a loving partner after intercourse.
- 反女子高潮後的感覺突然的放鬆和鎮靜的作用是什麼樣子男孩有點類似。 但不像當她是個男孩，她常常覺得可能引起和性感，再而不久後發生性行為，往往越來越堅定的內部勃起後不久，她的高潮再次。 即使它可能很難為她再次達到高潮，直到一段時間已經過去了（幾個小時到一天左右），她可能會覺得性又馬上反正的願望。 這些重新覺醒是一個非常美妙的感覺，可以使觸摸和性交後，深情的夥伴依偎的甜蜜會議。
- Measuring and documenting postop orgasmic response in TS women
- 測量和記錄術後在TS婦女的高潮反應
- As part of an effort to better measure and document postop women's sexual capabilities, Lynn participated in first scientific physiologic study of orgasm in postop TS women, in June 1999. This research was conducted by Rom Birnbaum, as part of her Ph.D. studies at the Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Sexuality in San Francisco, CA. Space was provided space for Rom's equipment and for conducting the research studies by Club Eros, a gay men's club in San Francisco. Although seemingly a strange place to conduct research studies on women, this "sex-friendly" site in the Castro Area was a good place for accommodating a wide range of research subjects and control subjects, during daytime "off-hours" at the club.
- 努力更好地衡量和文件術後婦女的性功能的一部分，林恩在術後 TS婦女參加第一次科學性高潮的生理研究，於 1999年6月。進行這項研究是由ROM伯恩鮑姆，作為她的博士研究在高級人類性學研究的研究所在加利福尼亞州舊金山的研究。 空間提供了Rom的設備，並進行研究，在舊金山的同性戀男子俱樂部俱樂部愛神的空間。雖然看似一個陌生的地方，對婦女進行研究，這種“性別友好”在卡斯特羅區的網站是一個容納廣泛的研究對象和對照組，在白天的“下班時間”在俱樂部的好地方。
- Research subjects were instrumented with electronic sensors (using measurement techniques evolved from the pioneering work of Masters and Johnson in their early studies of orgasm), and then engaged in masturbation in a comfortable, private environment in an effort to achieve orgasm. A number of the postop TS women, including Lynn, achieved orgasm as measured directly by Rom's instrumentation. Lynn's case was particularly important, since she demonstrated that the capacity for very intense orgasms can endure for many decades after SRS (Lynn was 31 years postop at the time of this research). Dr. Birnbaum's work demonstrated scientifically for the first time what many postop women and their lovers have known all along, namely that strong orgasms can be fully enjoyed by many TS women. Rom published her Ph.D. thesis results in 2000 (see following abstract).
研究對象被檢測的電子傳感器（使用開創性的工作演變而來的測量技術馬斯特斯和約翰遜在他們的早期研究的高潮），和一個舒適，私密的環境中從事手淫，然後努力達到高潮。術後的TS婦女，包括琳，達到高潮Rom的儀器直接測量。 林恩的情況下尤為重要，因為她表現出非常激烈的高潮的能力，能承受幾十年後的SRS（琳在這項研究的時間，術後 31年）。 鮑姆博士的工作表現出科學的許多術後婦女和他們的戀人知道，一直以來，即強烈的高潮可以完全由許多 TS婦女享有首次。 羅發表了她的博士 在2000年的論文結果（見下面的摘要）。
-
-
-
Abstract: First physiologic study of orgasm in postoperative male-to-female transsexuals.
-
Birnbaum, R. 摘要：首先高潮的生理研究在術後的男性對女性的變性人。 -
-
Ph.D. dissertation, The Institute for Advanced Study of Human Sexuality, San Francisco (Oct. 18, 2000). 博士 論文，人類性行為，舊金山（2000年10月18日）的高級研究學院。 -
Contact: poststudy@aol.com
-
- Objective: To determine whether data generated by a physiological sex research study would support the hypothesis that orgasmic capacity can be retained and/or gained after sex reassignment surgery in the postoperative male-to-female transsexual. Design: Controlled laboratory-based analysis of responses to masturbation to orgasm(s). Setting: A mobile sex research laboratory setup predominately in two central San Francisco locations. Participants: A volunteer sample of eleven postoperative male-to-female transsexuals as well as twenty-nine control group participants divided into five groups: eleven nontranssexual males, nine nontranssexual females, five preoperative male-to-female transsexuals, two intersexual people and two female-to-male transsexuals. These totals include one participant who joined the study first as a preoperative male-to-female participant, and returned again later as a postoperative male-to-female participant. Intervention: One protocol including measurements of preorgasmic, orgasmic, and postorgasmic responses; response time determined per individual. Dependent variables: Pressure waveform patterns produced by involuntary contractions of the anal musculature, heart rate, and blood pressure. Results: Of the eleven postoperative male-to-female study group participants, eight self-reported orgasm and three of these eight produced orgasmic contraction episodes similar to those produced by control group participants in this study and subjects in previous physiological studies of orgasm. Furthermore, no statistically significant differences were found between contraction patterns produced by study and control groups in terms of duration of orgasmic contractions, intraorgasmic amplitude changes, number of orgasmic contractions per series, mean intervals between the first four contractions, mean intervals between all contractions, or orgasmic heart rates. Conclusions: Data from this study strongly support the hypothesis that orgasmic capacity can be retained and/or gained after sex reassignment surgery in the postoperative male-to-female transsexual. However, given the limited sample sizes, projected percentages of orgasmic capacity in the postoperative male-to-female transsexual population are unavailable.
- 目的：要確定是否由生理性研究產生的數據將支持性高潮的能力，可以保留和/或在術後的男性對女性的變性人的性別變性手術後所取得的假說。自慰到高潮（S）的設計：基於控制的實驗室分析 。 設置：移動性研究實驗室安裝在兩個中央舊金山地區為主。 與會者：一個11個術後的男性對女性的變性的志願者樣品以及二十九個對照組分為五組，參加者：11 nontranssexual男性，9個nontranssexual女性，術前五個男性對女性的變性， intersexual兩個人及兩個女性與男性的變性人。 這些總數包括一個加入該研究的第一作為術前的男性對女性的參與者，並再次返回後作為術後的男性對女性的參與者的參與者。干預：一個協議，包括測量preorgasmic，高潮，並postorgasmic反應;響應時間，每個人的決定。 因變量：肛門肌肉的不自主收縮，心率，血壓的壓力波形產生模式。 結果：術後男性與女性的11個研究組的參與者，8個自報的性高潮，這八三個生產與控制組的參與者在這項研究中，在以前的性高潮的生理研究科目的高潮收縮發作。 此外，高潮收縮，intraorgasmic幅度的變化，每個系列的高潮收縮持續時間方面的研究和對照組產生的收縮模式之間的差異無統計學意義，意味著前四個收縮之間的間隔，意味著所有宮縮之間的間隔， 或高潮心臟率。 結論：這項研究的數據強烈支持性高潮的能力，可以保留和/或在術後的男性對女性的變性人變性手術後獲得的假說。然而，在有限的樣本大小，預計在術後的男性對女性的變性人口的性高潮能力的百分比不可用。
-
-
-
-
Lynn Conway and Rom Birnbaum at Club Eros in San Francisco, where Rom made the first scientific physiologic measurements of orgasm in postop TS women, in 1999. 林恩Conway和羅伯恩鮑姆俱樂部在舊金山愛神，其中羅在術後TS婦女在1999年，第一次科學性高潮的生理測 量 。
-
- The range of experiences of many postop women - - effects on sexual orientation and the moderate unpredictability of postop sexual orientation - - long-term effects - - some of Lynn's own experiences - - [ to be completed] - -
- 許多術後婦女的經驗範圍- -性取向和中度術後性取向的不可預測性的影響- -長期影響- -林恩的一些自己的經驗- - [完成] - -
-
Who are the most active, prominent surgeons doing vaginoplasty (SRS) now? 誰是最活躍，最突出的外科醫生做陰道成形術（SRS）現在呢？
The most prominent SRS surgeons in the U.S. today are Toby Meltzer, M. D. of Scottsdale, Arizona and Eugene Schrang, M.D. of Neenah, Wisconsin. These surgeons are in their prime, are performing hundreds of SRS each year, and are achieving outstanding results in appearance, function and sensitivity. Marci Bowers, M.D., a surgeon who has worked closely with Dr. Biber, has recently taken over his practice in Trinidad, Colorado and is reported to be doing excellent SRS surgeries there (Dr. Biber is now retired). There are also other expert surgeons performing high-quality SRS's in various other countries around the world, most notably Yvon Ménard, M.D. and Pierre Brassard, M.D. ( en espa�ol ) in Montreal, Canada, and Suporn Watanyusakul, M.D. ("Dr. Suporn") in Chornburi, Thailand.- 今天最突出的SRS外科醫生在美國是托比梅爾策 ， 醫學博士 ，斯科茨代爾，亞利桑那州和威斯康星州尼納，醫師尤金Schrang。這些風華正茂的外科醫生，正在執行的SRS每年數百，並取得優異成績在外觀，功能和敏感性。 馬爾西鮑爾斯，醫師 ，一名外科醫生與醫生Biber密切合作，最近在他的實踐特立尼達島，科羅拉多州和報導，做優秀的SRS手術（Biber博士是現已退休）。 也有其他專家的外科醫生執行各種其他國家，在世界各地，最顯著的高品質SRS 的Yvon的梅納德，MD和皮埃爾臂章， MD （西班牙語版 ），在加拿大蒙特利爾， 並Suporn Watanyusakul， MD（“博士Suporn “ ），泰國 Chornburi。
Marci Bowers, M.D.  | Toby Meltzer, M.D.  | Eugene Schrang, M.D.  |
- For information on many surgeons performing excellent vaginoplasty (SRS) operations both here and abroad, see Andrea's Vaginoplasty page and follow the many links there. See also the SRS section of TS Women's Support Site and The New Sex Change Indigo Pages for information and links to SRS surgeons in many countries. The new European TS Information pages provide information about many excellent European surgeons. There are also a number of surgeons in Thailand who are now performing good quality SRS's, and the costs of surgery there are much lower than for comparable work elsewhere in the world.
- 在本地及海外表演優秀陰道成形術（SRS）操作的許多外科醫生的信息，看到安德烈的陰道成形術和後續的諸多環節。 另見的TS婦女的支持網站的SRS部分和新的性別變化靛藍頁SRS的外科醫生在許多國家的信息和鏈接。新歐洲的TS信息網頁提供了很多優秀的歐洲的外科醫生的信息。還有一個在外科醫生的數量的泰國人現在執行質量好的SRS的，手術費用比在世界其他地區類似工作的低得多。
- Important note: In past years, few surgeons would operate on girls who were HIV+. This compounded the tragedy of being TS for the small minority of women who had been forced to live "on the streets" and had contracted this dread disease. However, surgical techniques have improved to where SRS can now be done without risk to expert surgical teams, although extra procedures are required that may raise costs. For information about surgeons who accept HIV+ patients, contact Christine Beatty (christine@glamazon.net). Christine herself survived life on the streets, and went on to become a successful postop woman. She reports that the following expert surgeons now accept otherwise healthy HIV+ patients: Toby Meltzer, M.D.: Same price as HIV- ; Sanguan Kunaporn, M.D.: 30% price increase for HIV+ ; Preecha Tiewtranon, M.D.: $1000 extra from HIV+ ; Eugene Schrang, M.D.: Unspecified extra change.
- 重要說明：在過去幾年中，幾個外科醫生對女孩是艾滋病毒+。這加劇了少數的婦女曾被迫生活“在街上”，承包這個可怕的疾病TS悲劇。然而，外科技術改進 SRS現在可以沒有風險的專家手術隊，雖然需要額外的程序，可能會提高成本。對於接受HIV陽性病人的外科醫生的信息， 請聯繫恭比蒂（christine@glamazon.net ）。 恭自己倖存在街道上的生活，並繼續成為一個成功的術後女人。 她的報告，在下面的專家外科醫生現在接受原本健康的艾滋病毒+患者： 托比梅爾策，MD ：為艾滋病毒的相同價格; 三官Kunaporn，醫師 ：30％的HIV感染者的價格增加; 比差Tiewtranon，醫師 ：$ 1000額外HIV陽性; 尤金Schrang MD ：未指定額外的變化。
-
Sites containing photos of many vaginoplasty (SRS) results from many surgeons 許多陰道成形術（SRS）的結果，其中包含來自許多外科醫生照片的網站 -
-
[VIEW WITH CAUTION! The photo sequences listed here are definitely NOT FOR THE SQUEAMISH!]
-
[查看小心！這裡列出的照片序列是絕對沒有嬌氣！]
- The TS women's support site contains links to many photographs of SRS surgical results of many surgeons. One link contains a series of 25 photographs of an SRS performed by Toby Meltzer, M. D. of Scottsdale, AZ. Another link contains a detailed sequence of photos of a labiaplasty performed by Dr. Meltzer.
- TS婦女的支持站點包含許多照片的鏈接SRS手術結果許多外科醫生。 一個環節包含一個執行托比梅爾策，MD斯科茨，AZ 系列25的SRS照片 。另一個鏈接包含一個labiaplasty照片梅爾策博士進行詳細的序列 。
- Spanish actress Carla Antonelli's website also contains a very detailed "still-frame-video" sequence of SRS. Another site contains a photo sequence of SRS performed in the UK.
- 西班牙女演員卡拉安東內利的網站還包含了一個非常詳細的“靜止幀視頻”的SRS序列。 另一個網站包含的照片序列SRS在英國進行 。
- And here is a link to a photo of an early surgery done by Dr. Biber in Trinidad, Colorado in 1976. Dr. Biber became justifiably famous among T-girls in the U.S. for such results, and they've flocked to him ever since. The early surgical technique and results are very similar to Lynn's sex reassignment surgery, which was performed by the famous Mexican plastic surgeon J. J. Barbosa, M.D. way back in 1968.
- 這裡是一個於1976年在科羅拉多州的特立尼達，通過博士Biber早期手術的照片的鏈接。 Biber博士成為名正言順地之間的T女孩在美國著名的為這樣的結果，他們已經蜂擁而至，他自從。 早期的手術技術和結果都非常相似琳的變性手術，這是墨西哥著名的整形外科醫生林俊傑巴博薩，博士早在1968年執行。
- Lynn had follow-up surgery for vaginal deepening and labiaplasty performed by Dr. Schrang (in November 2000), in order to bring her results up to modern standards. Dr. Schrang also has extensive experience in successfully correcting SRS complications surgeries done elsewhere. Gwendolyn Ann Smith has created a webpage, "Transsexual's Guide to Neenah", that provides a lot of practical information about undergoing SRS by Dr. Schrang at Theda Clark Regional Medical Center in Neenah, WI.
琳已經為陰道深化和labiaplasty由執行後續手術的醫生 Schrang （2000年11月），為了給她帶來的結果符合現代標準。 博士Schrang也有豐富的經驗，SRS的並發症在別處手術成功糾正，格溫多林安史密斯創造了一個網頁，“變性到尼納指南 “，提供了大量的實用信息，關於接受博士Schrang Theda克拉克區域醫療SRS尼納，威斯康星。
-
Options that can reduce costs and enable feminization and transition earlier in life 選項，可以降低成本，使女性化和轉型早在生活中
- One of the greatest difficulties faced by young, intense transsexuals who are very certain of their need to undergo complete gender correction is the high cost of transition and the long time-period (several years) to get everything approved. The overall costs of counselling, hormones, electrolysis and surgeries is typically $30K to $40K in the U.S. Because of their gender condition, many younger transsexuals are unable to obtain good enough employment to save money fast enough to achieve a timely transition. Meantime, they are often doomed to watch as their bodies continue to masculinize (even if taking estrogen) which makes a successful and complete transition seem further and further out of reach.
- 年輕激烈的變性人，誰是他們需要一定的接受完整的性別校正面臨的最大困難之一是過渡成本高，長的時間期限（幾年）得到的一切批准。 輔導，激素，電解和手術的總成本通常是$ 30K到$ 40K在美國，因為他們的性別條件，許多年輕的變性人無法獲得足夠的就業好，省錢，速度不夠快，實現了及時轉型。 同時，他們往往是注定要觀看自己的身體繼續男性化（即使服用雌激素），這使得一個成功的和完整的過渡似乎遙不可及越走越。
- Recent developments, including easier and earlier access to female hormones and antiandrogens (ordered from overseas pharmacy sites via the web). There are also several new sex-change surgery clinics in Thailand , where SRS costs only about $6000 to $8000 (see New York Times article of May 6, 2001). Easier access to hormones and surgery have made it much easier for young transsexual girls to feminize themselves while young and to achieve complete gender transition while in their twenties. The Thai surgeons do not insist on the full HBIGDA protocol (and instead make their own informed decision whether a patient is suitable for SRS), thus greatly reducing the financial burden and logistical complexities of having to go to two counselors or psychiatrists for several years in order to get the letters of approval for SRS required here in the U.S.
- 最近的事態發展，包括更容易，更早進入雌性激素和antiandrogens（下令從海外藥房網站，通過網絡）。也有幾個新的變性手術在泰國，其中SRS的成本僅約6000至$ 8000（見紐約時報“的文章，2001年5月6日）診所。更容易獲得激素和手術多為年輕的變性女孩更容易女性化自己雖然年輕，實現完整的性別轉換，而在二十多歲的。 泰國醫生不堅持完整的HBIGDA協議（和，而不是使自己明智的決定病人是否適合的SRS），從而大大減少了財政負擔，不必去數年，兩個輔導員或精神科醫生的後勤複雜為了得到批准的SRS字母在美國的要求
- For more information about the Thai surgeons, see the TS Womens' Resources SRS page. See also Dr. Suporn Watanyusakul's website and photos of recent SRS at his clinic. For another recent example of Dr. Suporn's work (May 2002), see the webpage of a girl from Finland describing her SRS experiences and showing photos of her SRS results (in English).
- 欲了解更多有關泰國醫生的信息，看到的TS婦女的“ 資源的SRS頁。 Suporn Watanyusakul的網站和最近的SRS照片，在他的診所。 Suporn博士的工作的另一個最近的例子（二零零二年五月），看到了一個網頁描述她的SRS的經驗，來自芬蘭的女孩和顯示她的SRS的結果（英文）的照片。
-
Photos of recent vaginoplasty (SRS) results by Dr. Suporn on a girl from Finland (at 5 months postop) 最近陰道成形術（SRS），結果由來自芬蘭的女孩Suporn博士（在5個月的術後照片） -
-
- Also see the websites for the Preecha Aesthetic Institute (Dr. Preecha Tiewtranon), the Aesthetic Plastic Surgery center in Bangkok (Dr. Pichet Rodchareon), and the Plastic Surgery Center in Phuket (Dr. Sanguan Kunaporn), including a sequence of photos of SRS surgery by Dr.Sanguan Kunaporn.
- 還可以看到網站的比差美學研究所 （ 博士比差Tiewtranon ）， 在曼谷整形外科中心 （皮歇Rodchareon博士），和普吉島的整形外科中心 （三官Kunaporn博士），包括一個序列的照片SRS手術 Dr.Sanguan Kunaporn。
- However, anyone going to Thailand for SRS should make very certain that they are going to one of the handful of reputable surgeons there who are doing high-quality SRS's using modern surgical techniques in the best hospitals. There has long been a tradition in Thailand of doing what superficial "Hijra-style" SRS's which do not create a full vagina. These are inexpensive surgeries (on the order of $1000 to $1500). Many Katheoy "working girls" undergo these surgeries, not being able to afford the full SRS surgeries (if someone does not need a full SRS, a Kathoey-type surgery might be an option to consider). Bottom line is that anyone going to Thailand should carefully research the latest information on Thai surgeons, and avoid going to the "lowest bidder" for such an important and life-changing surgery .
- 然而，任何人去到泰國的SRS應該非常肯定，他們將極少數有信譽的外科醫生正在做高品質 SRS利用現代外科技術最好的醫院之一。 長期以來一直在泰國做一個傳統的膚淺“希吉拉式”SRS的不創建一個完整的陰道的。這些廉價的手術（1000元至1500元的順序）。 許多 Katheoy“工作的女孩”接受這類手術，而不是負擔不起完整的SRS手術（如果有人不需要一個完整的SRS，Kathoey式手術可能是一個值得考慮的選擇）。 底線是，任何前往泰國的人都應該認真研究泰國外科醫生的最新信息，並避免前往“價低者得”這樣一個重要的改變人生的手術。
- As an even less expensive alternative, transsexuals in the U.S. can now take advantage of fairly easy access to orchiectomy. After orchiectomy (castration) a T-girl's body will not be further maimed by testosterone, and the feminizing effect of female sex hormones is much more rapid and more pronounced (especially in younger girls). This option can enable younger T-girls to rapidly become feminized and passable, and to buy some time to save money for SRS without feeling such desperate urgency. For more information on this type of surgery, see this Orchiectomy page.
- 作為一個甚至更便宜的替代，在美國變性現在很容易獲得睾丸的優勢。後睾丸（閹割）的T -女孩的身體不會進一步致殘睾丸激素和雌性激素的女性化效果更迅速和更明顯（尤其是年輕的女孩）。 這個選項可以讓年輕的T女孩迅速成為婦女和差強人意，並買了一些時間保存SRS的錢沒有感覺這種迫在眉睫的緊迫性。 對於這種類型的手術的更多信息，請參閱本睾丸切除術頁。
- In the past, many T-girls went to Dr. Robert Barham in Portland Oregon for orchiectomies, who charged about $1000 for the surgery. Although Dr. Barham is no longer doing these surgeries, his protocols are worth documenting as being what you might expect elsewhere: Dr. Barham required that you had transgender counseling for one year and been on hormone replacement therapy for one year and had passed a recent HIV status test. His protocol involved seeing you at least one day before the procedure to discuss the procedure, the implications and the risks. The procedure was then generally done on the following day in his office. He used bilateral spermatic cord blocks for anesthesia. The procedure itself took approximately one hour. Following the procedure it was best if you can remained in bed with ice packs for 12 to 24 hours. He also asked that you stay in town for 48 hours, to take care of any problems that might arise, and also to give you a chance to begin healing before returning home.
- 在過去，許多 T型女孩去了羅伯特博士在俄勒岡州波特蘭巴勒姆orchiectomies，收取約 1000美元的手術。 雖然博士巴勒姆不再做這些手術，他的協議是值得記載如你可能期望其他地方：博士巴勒姆要求你一年變性輔導和激素替代療法一年，並已通過最近艾滋病毒感染狀況的考驗。 他的協議涉及您看到至少前一天的程序，討論程序，影響和風險。當時，該程序一般次日就在他的辦公室。 他使用麻醉雙邊精索塊。 這個過程本身了大約一個小時。下面的過程，這是最好的，如果你能在床上保持12至24小時的冰袋。 他還問，你留在城裡為 48小時，採取任何可能出現的問題的照顧，也給你一個機會回家之前開始癒合。
- For more detailed information about orchiectomy, see Sherry's website. Sherry is a transgender girl who underwent orchiectomy in 1999 as part of her preparation for gender transition. In her website she describes her own experiences and provides a lot of up to date information about orchiectomy, including a list of surgeons. See in particular her pages entitled "Questions I am Often Asked About My Castration" and "Orchiectomy for Transsexuals". See also Andrea James' new Orchiectomy page. (Ahora este pagina esta disponible en Espa�ol)
- 對於更詳細的關於睾丸信息，請參閱Sherry的網站。 雪利酒是一個變性女孩，她的性別轉換的籌備工作的一部分在1999年接受睾丸切除。 在她的網站，她介紹自己的經驗，並提供了很多高達約睾丸切除術的最新信息，包括外科醫生名單。見，特別是她的網頁題為“我常常問我閹割的問題和“變性睾丸切除術“。 安德烈詹 姆斯的新睾丸切除術頁 。 （Ahora 埃斯特 pagina ESTA disponible 西班牙語版 ）
-
Completion of transsexual body feminization by cosmetic surgeries 完成變性人的身體女性化整容手術
- Many transsexual women also undergo breast augmentation surgery, facial feminization surgery and various cosmetic surgeries to further feminize their bodies. Anne Lawrence's site contains photos of recent breast augmentation surgery on transsexual women, and Lynn's FFS site contains information on facial feminization. To give you an idea of the wonderful results now achievable, here are some photos of breast augmentations performed on hormonally-feminized transsexual women (these were done by Dr. Suporn, in Thailand):
- 許多變性婦女也接受隆胸手術，面部女性化手術和各種美容手術，進一步女性化自己的身體。 安妮勞倫斯的網站中包含的照片最近的隆胸手術，變性婦女，和琳的農民田間學校網站包含面部女性化的信息。 為了給你一個美妙的結果現在實現的想法，這裡有激素，女性化的變性人（這些婦女進行乳腺增擴了一些照片在泰國，博士Suporn ）：
-
-
- However, it is important to note that many TS women achieve very satisfactory breast development without augmentation, especially if they started their transitions while in their teens. For a discussion of breast development in TS women, along with many photos of unaugmented development, see this Breast Development webpage.
- 然而，重要的是注意，許多 TS婦女實現無隆胸乳房發育非常滿意，特別是當他們開始了他們的轉換，而在十幾歲。在TS婦女對於乳房發育的討論，一起unaugmented發展的許多照片，看到這樣的乳房發育網頁。
- The decision of whether to augment or not is very similar for a TS women as for any other woman - a complex one with many tradeoffs of appearance vs sensation vs risks of complications. In many cases of small development, augmentation can bring a lot of satisfaction, but in many other cases it may be quite unnecessary and carry unwanted risks. For a discussion of breast augmentation with many photos, see this Breast Augmentation webpage.
- 決定是否增加或任何其他的女人一個 TS婦女是非常相似的 - 許多外觀和感覺與並發症風險權衡複雜。在許多情況下，小發展，增強可以帶來很大的滿足感，但在許多情況下，它可能是完全沒有必要進行不必要的風險。對於隆胸有許多照片的討論，看到這種隆胸網頁。
- Carla Antonelli's website contains a page of photos of pretty T-girls where you can see even more results of breast augmentation surgery. Perhaps even more importantly, her page conveys images of the wonderful results that these young women obtained from feminization early in their lives. The ongoing moral to the story is this: If a T-girl knows for sure that she inevitably must become a woman, she should immediately seek medical help to stop any further masculinization and begin her feminization as early in her life as possible - in her mid-teens if she can. Courage and decisiveness in seeking gender correction while still young will dramatically improve her chances for a full and complete life.
- 卡拉安東內利的網站包含一個漂亮的T女孩的照片的頁面，在這裡你可以看到隆胸手術的結果更。 或許更重要的是，她的頁面傳達美妙的結果，這些年輕婦女從他們生活中的女性化早期獲得的圖像。 正在進行的道德故事是這樣的：如果一個 T -女孩確信，她必然要成為一個女人，她知道應該立即尋求醫療幫助停止任何進一步的男性化，並開始在她的生活盡可能早她女性化 - 她如果她能十幾歲。 在尋求性別校正，同時還年輕，將極大地改善一個全面而完整的生活她的機會的勇氣和決斷。
-
The joys and wonders of complete gender correction 完整的性別校正的樂趣和奇觀
- Modern medical advances have brought us a long way from the ancient methods used in traditional "Hijra-style" surgical treatments of transsexualism. Modern sex hormone therapy, vaginoplasty (SRS) surgery, facial feminization surgery and cosmetic surgeries can substantially modify an MtF transsexual's body to properly match her innate gender, especially if treatment is started early enough in life. It is now possible for many postop women to feel totally gender-congruent in their transformed bodies, and to be able to very comfortably and passionately enter into loving relationships (either heterosexual or lesbian, as the case may be) as sensual, sexually responsive women.
- 現代醫學的進步給我們帶來了一個從傳統的“希吉拉式”易性癖手術治療用古老的方法很長的路要走。 現代性的激素治療，陰道成形術（SRS）手術，面部女性化手術和整容手術可以大幅修改MTF變性人的身體妥善她天生的性別相匹配，特別是如果在生命早期，足量治療開始。 現在許多術後婦女感到完全性別全等其轉化機構，並能夠非常舒適和熱情感性，性反應的婦女進入到愛的關係（無論是異性戀或女同性戀者的情況下，可能會） 。
- The extent of body modification and feminization now possible by early medical intervention and lots of effort can be seen in many photos of young transsexual women (such as those of Amanda Lear (France), Roberta Close (Brazil), Carolyn Cossey (U.S.) and Julia Sommers (Australia)).
- 修飾身材和女性化的早期醫療干預和大量的努力，現在有可能的程度上可以看出，在許多年輕的變性女性（ 如那些照片阿曼達李爾 （ 法國），羅伯塔關閉 （ 巴西），卡羅琳Cossey （美國）和朱莉婭索莫斯（澳大利亞） ）。
- The joys and wonders of being able to resolve the transsexual condition and to then live a full life as a warm, loving woman in the resulting female body are suggested by the following beautiful photographs of Jenny Hiloudaki (Greece). Jenny started on female sex hormones at the age of 13 and underwent vaginoplasty (SRS) at the age of 20:
-
-
Reset on 6-03-00
V-1-05-05 + update of 10-14-05
-
LC update of 8-01-09 re Biber op report
留言